| As a measure improving farmers’ income,cotton production picked by machine has been widely accepted by farm workers.The cotton planting area in Hami reclamation area amounts to 14 400 hectares,and about 90% of the total cotton planting area uses cotton picker machine,i.e.13 000 hectares.In order to determine the suitability of conventional cotton varieties and hybrid cotton varieties,chose the suitable planting pattern,improve picking rate of the machine picked cotton and provide a technical guidance for the cotton production with high yield,high quality and high efficiency in Hami reclamation area,this study set up the comparison trial of 9 varieties of hybrid cotton and 9 varieties of conventional cotton with CK,row planting test with 3 lines per film and 6 lines per film,and cotton picking rate survey of two kinds of machines in 4 farms in Hami reclamation area.The research conclusions are as follows:1.Through conventional cotton varieties comparison trial we found that the seed yield and lint yield of No.148 with big bolls were 6324 kg/ha and 2683.5 kg/ha respectively,which were the highest,while the fiber length,micronaire value and breaking strength were differently 29.39 mm,4.61(level B2),29.0 c N/tex,which were all good.Meanwhile Variety Yifeng’s seed yield and lint yield were 6315 kg/ha and 2613 kg/ha,which were only secondly to No.148 with big bolls,and the fiber length,micronaire value and breaking strength were differently 29.48 m,4.2(level A),9.1 c N/tex.On the other hand,effect coefficient,coefficient of variability and regression coefficient of No.148 with big bolls were 0.539,3.378 and 1.0354 with good adaptability and good comprehensive evaluation and Yifeng’s were 0.426,6.9166 and 1.1638.So conventional cotton should give priority to No.148 with big bolls and Yifeng 1822 was recommended as auxiliary variety in Hami reclamation area.2.Through the screening experiment of hybrid cotton varieties the seed yield and lint yield of variety 12-52 were respectively 6534 kg/ha and 2733 kg/ha which was much higher than CK.The synthetical evaluation of quality indexes was pretty well,such as fiber length(30.75 mm),micronaire value with 4.3(level B2),breaking strength(30.8 c N/tex),effect coefficient(0.5611),coefficient of variability(5.1526)and regression coefficient(0.9666).It was suitable to plant in the four farms.Therefore,we recommended hybrid cotton variety 12-52 in Hami reclamation area.3.By comparing the two different planting patterns,i.e.3 lines in per film and 6 lines per film,the results showed that the former got the period of duration 2 days earlier than the latter,2 bolls and 2.9 branches per plant more than the latter,single boll heavier with 0.7 g(i.e.6.1 g per boll),but there was no difference in ginning outturn.The output of 3 lines per film mode was 7.8% higher than the 6 lines per film mode.The former could save 1050 Yuan per ha from materials cost and labor cost at the same time decreased the labor strength greatly and improved the work efficiency.According to the local cotton production the former had better quality.Therefore,the mode with 3 lines per film would be recommended to popularize and apply for the cotton planting in Hami reclamation area.4.Different machine types and different plant heights had a large effect on the rate of cotton picking up.Type 7760 with double fans picked cotton 0.59 percentage higher than Type 9996.And it could directly package the cotton after harvest so as to improve the efficiency of transportation.And we also found plant height about 80 cm and the beginning section height over 18 cm would be more suitable for cotton harvested by machine.Overall,in Hami reclamation area conventional cotton variety 148 and hybrid cotton variety 12-52 were suitable to be planted,and the 3 lines per film planting pattern was more appropriate.By choosing the cotton picker’s type,regulating water and fertilizer the cotton picker’s rate could be improved. |
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