Genetic Diversity Of Wild Barley Population In Israel And Its Surrounding Areas

In this study,we selected different populations of wild barley,Hordeum spontaneum,which contained 144 ecotypes and derived from the center of barley origin and diversity-the southern,middle and northern parts of Israel,and ananlyzed genetic diversity of these materials by SSR markers.The main results are as follows:1.A total of 42 SSR markers with high polymorphism and reproducibility were screened from 120 pairs of SSR markers of barley genome chromosomes.These primers were evenly distributed on 7 chromosomes,with an average of 6 pairs on each chromosome,and located in the different position of the chromosome Bin.2.We analized the polymorphism of 9 natural populations of Hordeum spontaneum in Israel by using the 42 pairs SSR primers.The results showed that a total of 189 alleles were detected,and each primer could augment 3-7 loci with 4.5 loci in the average.The average value of the marker polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.6968,as well as the amplitude was0.5299-0.8233.Among them,the PIC value of Bmag0812 was the largest,followed by HVM74,the smallest PIC value was Bmag0105.The PIC values of this experiment were more than 0.5,indicating that the selected SSR marker polymorphism was more obvious.In addition,we found that the allele locus of SSR primer which in the chromosome 5H were more,and the polymorphism information content was also larger.3.The results showed that the genetic similarity index ranged from 0.5503 to 0.9365,with an average value of 0.7015.And nine wild barley populations were divided into five groups at the level of 0.6780,basically divided according to the south,middle and north geographical origin,and the population genetic structure of the group was more consistent.The main coordinate analysis found that the populations collected from southern Israel were different from those in the northern and central regions,indicating that the wild barley in the southern region was farther from the wild barley in other areas.4.A total of 101 accssions were collected,which come from 9 different populations indifferent parts of Jordan,to identify the presented SSR markers: Bmag0812,HVM74,Bmag0007,HVWAXYG and Bmag0105.The results showed that there were 26 allele loci with 5 SSR markers,the average was 5.2,and the average of PIC value was 0.7063.The higher PIC value was Bmag0812,lower was Bmag0105,and it was found that the larger values of the PIC values in the Israeli material was same with the results in Jordanian materials.The results of this study showed that Hordeum spontaneum had rich genetic diversity in Israel and Jordan,and they were important germplasm resources for breeding new barley varieties as well as modern cultivation of barley genetic improvement.