Changes Of Soil Nutrients And Phosphorus Adsorption Characteristics Under Peach Cultivation In Greenhouse In Shanxi Province Shanyin County

In recent years,people have conducted relatively few research on facilities perennial fruit trees environment.The cultivation of fruit trees is different from vegetable cultivation,which must be based on the local soil matrix.Therefore,the nutrient status in the soil is more important for the cultivation and environment of the facilities.Therefore,aimed at above issues,we used the different age of peach greenhouse soil in Shanyin County as experimental materials,and researched peach protection（0-60 cm）soil nutrient accumulation and variation of migration systematically by using investigation of interview,field investigation,field sampling,combined with indoor analysis testing methods.The purpose is to provide the scientific basis for reasonable fertilization of fruit and vegetable,optimize the management measures of soil nutrients and protect soil and water resources and environment,improve fruit quality and sustainable utilization of sunlight greenhouse.The main results were as follows:（1）Study of Shanxi Province Shanyin County facilities peach orchard soil nutrient trend with the planting years,could provide the basis for peach in facilities and reasonable fertilization and sustainable production.The results showed that the soil in Shanyin county was alkaline,and the soil pH was gradually decreased with the increase of greenhouse planting years,but it still suitable for the growth of peach tree.The content of soil organic matter and available N,P,K are increased with increasing years of planting and 0 ～ 20 cm soil layer were higher than 60 cm;the soil organic matter is medium to short,available phosphorus and potassium belongs to the rich,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in the medium and lack level;The use of organic fertilizer made the content of trace elements B,Zn,Cu,Fe increase with the increasing years in peach facilities,but there was still lack of B,Zn in the local soil.We can see that the current production management did not apply the trace elements.In practice,the organic fertilizer with high cellulose content should be added toimprove the accumulation rate of organic matter and increase the soil buffering capacity.At the same time,pay attention to ditched soil balanced fertilization,and reduce The amount of phosphate and potash fertilizer to increase the ratio of N,P and K.Supply the trace elements appropriately to ensure environmental safety.（2）The paper arms of study the characteristics of soil phosphorus adsorption-desorption and phosphorus forms under Shanxi Province Shanyin County facilities peach conditions,in order to provide theoretical support for rational application of phosphate fertilizer 、 increase the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer and the risk assessment of phosphorus loss.The results showed that phosphorus isothermal adsorption and adsorption-desorption curves are respectively described by Langmuir equation and quadratic equation.With increasing years of cultivation,The continuous input of phosphate fertilizer resulted in the decrease of the soil phosphorus adsorption capacity characteristic of Qm,K,MBC and PSI,but DPS has increased.The number of soil P desorption takes on two trends,while in the fourth year the number of soil P desorption of peach orchard is the same as that in the fifth and even sixth year.As the year increased different forms of inorganic P in the soil increased and the surface layer was higher than 20～40 cm;Ca-P(Ca₁₀-P>Ca₈-P >Ca₂-P)was the most form in 0-40 cm depths green-house soil,followed by Al-P,Fe-P and O-P.The ratio of Ca₈-P and Ca₂-P in soil increased with the increase of planting years,which improved the biologic effectiveness of P components in soil.（3）)An indoor simulating experiment was conducted with repacked soil columns for studying the effect of fertilization application on soil nutrient leaching in Shanyin County of Shanxi Province concentration,provide the basis for rational fertilization and sustainable production of peach tree.The results showed that concentration of EC、NO-3-N、available nitrogen、available phosphorus and organic matter in the leachates increased under with the increase of greenhouse planting years and basal fertility.Under the same planting years,the concentration of leaching loss of NO-3-N reached the highest in second or third times 、available nitrogen in first time 、 available phosphorus in third time with the successive leaching;The leaching concentration of soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium have far exceeded the standard of drinking water.The Ministry of agriculture recommendedfertilization only in the open field and unsuitable for perennial greenhouses.Therefore,in the condition of intensive cultivation management,long-term application of fertilizer can reduce the amount of available nutrient leaching and groundwater pollution fundamentally.