Effects Of Potato/maize Intercropping On Soil And Crops

This research was based on the mechanism of interspecific interaction relationship,according to the crop nutrient demand,to carry out the cultivation experiment.The experiment was divided into three treatments:corn,potato and monoculture-maize intercropping(3:2).The soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activities were measured by 0-30cm at the flowering and harvest stages.Use the BIOLOG technology and phospholipid fatty acids to determine the structure and function of the microbial diversity in soil.The changes of soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities,soil microbial structure and function and yield after 3 years of continuous cultivation were analyzed.The crop interspecific competition ability and land equivalent ratio were also calculated.It aimed to discover the change ruler of soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity and functional diversity of soil microbial community structure in different treatments.The results were as follows:(1)After 3 years of continuous cultivation,the soil physical and chemical properties changed significantly.The total phosphorus,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content reduced and the trend of decrease with intercropping planting fixed number of year increase significantly.In the third year of intercropping cultivation,Total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil was reduced by 60.24%,40.04%,50.93%,34.69%and 22.41%,32.64%,48.19%,32.64%,and the changes were significant.Compared the soil organic matter,total nitrogen content of intercropping with CK,they were increased by 13.97%and 12.35%and the soil organic matter,total nitrogen content and contrast than have to ascend,organic matter content ratio was increased by 13.97%and 13.97%respectively.(2)The activity of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase of monoculture maize were lower than intercropping,but the activity of catalase were higher significantly.Compared with monoculture potato,the intercropping improved the activity of soil urease and hydrogen peroxide,reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase.At the potato flowering,interplanting cultivation significantly increased the content of soil microbial PLFA,including bacteria,fungi and actinomyces biomass compared with maize monoculture,increased by 32.49%,28.24%and 28.24%respectively,compared with the monoculture of potatoes,increased by 20.92%,20.44%,and 20.14%,respectively.The effects that different treatments made on the fungi/bacteria,G+/G" were insignificant.Intercropping cultivation A WCD value were always higher than monoculture of maize and potato.monoculture and intercropping cultivation affected the soil microbial community's ability to use six carbon source,increased the soil microorganisms of carboxylic acid compounds and polymer compounds using ability,and changed the function of soil microbial diversity index.(3)In potato-maize intercropping system,the efficiency of using land was increased,but intercropping potato had no production advantage.This showed that in the potato-maize intercropping system,the relationship between crop species significantly affected the soil nutrient content,soil microbial community functional diversity structure,which changed the soil environment of crop root.It also improved the efficiency of land use,which provid theoretical basis for intercropping potato promotion in southern mountain of Ningxia.