Cultivation Techniques Of High Yield Of Barley In Chongming Area

Rice-wheat rotation was the mainly planting patterns in Chongming,and improvingthe yield of wheat crops was an important method for enhanceing the production efficiency.This paper experimented variety selection with 10 barley varieties,and studied the effects of sowing time and density、fertilizer particularly nitrogen on growth and yield of the barley variety screened,and then definited the high yield cultivation techniques of suitablebarley on ChongMing.The main results obtained were as follow:1.The results of variety test showed that,the developing process and growing period of 10 varieties of baeley were similarity,their whole growing period were all for around 179d;meanwhile,the grain quality wereremarkable and the plant typeswere more short of "Flower 22"、"Zhe-Barley for Beer 33" and etc 5 varieties,and the yield of "Flower 22" was the highest,significantly more than other 6 varieties;furthermore,its salt toleranceindexin Germination Stage was 73.20%,in the middle position.Comprehensive analysis of the results,"Flower 22" was the most suitable to be cultivated in ChongMing.2.The results showed that:sowing date and rateaffected the yield and yield components of barley ’Flower 22’ significantly.Sowed on November 4 with 112.5-150kg/hm2 could obtain relatively high yield which more than 7500 kg/ha.Meanwhile,the panicle increased with the increasing of sowing rate on the same sowing date,and dropped with the delay of sowing date with the same sowing rate;Grain number decreased with the delay of sowing date and the increasing of sowing rate;Grain weight increased with the delay of sowing date,and dropped with the increasing of sowing rate.Therefore,combined with the practical cultivation of Shanghai Chongming,the better sowing date of ’Flower 22’ between November 4 to 14,the better sowing rate was about 150kg/hm2,and sowing rate raised appropriately could increase the yield.3."3414" experiment design is used to make regression analysis for the effect of N,P and K Fertilizer on barley by Fertilizer Effect Function Method,the results showed that mathematical model of effect function of yield and fertilizer rate wasYN=171.36688+20.85543X-0.43378X2;YP=346.85584+7.71426X-0.4656X2;YK=379.69136+11.05376X-0.92022X2,thepeak output was 6193.35kg/ha,the optimal combination of N>P>K was 344.10 kg/ha,119.10kg/ha,78.30kg/ha,the yield of optimal fertilizer rate was 6184.65 kg/ha.4.The results showed that the nitrogen had obvious promoting effect on growth period,plant height,main stem internode elongation,leafgrowth,stem tillers,spike length,spike grain number,effective ear numbers and yield traits of barley ’Flower22’variety.The best fitting equation of pure nitrogen relation with plant height and yield was Y = x/(0.6324 + 0.0164 x)+ 64.3857(R2 = 0.9652**)and Y = x/(0.0365 +0.0001 x)+ 1927.6994(R2 = 0.9941**).High proportion of base tiller fertilizer had significant promoting effect on plant height,1～4internode elongation of main stem,leaf growth,stem tillers,per spike grain numbers,1000-grains weighttraits,whereaslow proportion of base tiller fertilizer effect promotioneffective panicle number and yield.Statistical analysis showed that barley ’Flower22’ about6000 kg.hm-2 yieldwas need pure nitrogen in 300～337.5 kg.hm-2,and suitable ratio of 5:5 and 6:4 of base tillerfertilizer andpanicle fertilizer.