The Studies On The Pigments Materialand Their Distribution Characteristics In Zantedeschia Hybrida

Zantedeschia hybrida Spr of araceae of zantedeschia spreng is originated from Africa,owing to its peculiar flower type and abundant and gay colors,it is extensively popular in the world flower market and ideal for cut-flower and potting,and it is praised as the star of flower in 21st century.Currently most of the ornamental zantedeschia are of hybrid variety.Flower color is the most fundamental ornamental shape of ornamental plants,it directly affects the commercial value of the flower.This study took 27 Zantedeschia hybrida Spr as material,and adopted colourimetry,histocyte observation,pigment composition analysis and pigment content analysis to come to the following conclusions through an analysis on the effect of type and content of pigment of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr on the tristimulus values of presentation of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr and the effect of structure of plant tissue cell on the flower color:(1)The colorimeter was used to evaluate the flower color of 27 varieties of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr being collected,the cluster analysis combined with CIELab space comprehensive analysis was used to divide the Zantedeschia hybrida Spr into six color systems,which were Black group?Amaranth group?Red group?Yellow group?Pink groupandOrange group,providing a theoretical basis for the classification of color system of Zantdeschia hybrida Spr,meanwhile,providing a technical support for the molecular breeding and modification of flower color.(2)Petal is a carrier of anthocyanidin,the difference in content and type of anthocyanidin will have a relatively great influence on the difference in color of spathe of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr,and the structure of petal tissue,particularly the shape of petal epidermal cells can also influence the reflex of incident light,thus leading to a variation of petal color.This study carried out a microscopic observation of the tissue structure of spathe of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr by manually making a plant tissue section,and analyzed the relationship between the anatomical structure of cross section of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr and color generation.The result showed that,the more the layers of chromatophore are,the darker the color of spathe is,the anthocyanin in epidermal cell of variety from orange and red group of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr is compounded with the anthoxanthin(flavone,flavonol)in cell of middle mesophyll tissue to produce red and orange color of varying degrees.(3)by the use of(HPLC-DAD)and(HPLC—ESI-MSn)technology and adoption of standard substance semiquantitative method,this study carried out a quantitative and qualitative analysis on the composition and content of primary pigments in the spathe of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr.The correlation between the phenotype parameters of flower color of variety from all the groups of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr and composition of anthocyanin and microstructure was analyzed.The biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanin of black group of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr and the effect of external environment on the accumulation of anthocyanin were analyzed.By understanding the formation mechanism of flower color of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr,a new thought was provided for the division and measurement of its phenotype,a theoretical support was provided for the analysis on pigment compound,identification of microscopic structure and modification of flower color.The ultraviolet spectrometry was used to measure the carotene in spathe of 27 Zantedeschia hybrida Spr that have been collected,of which the result showed that,none of the 27 varieties of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr being collected was found to have any content of carotene,thus it can be determined that,the primary pigments that are responsible for the generation of color of yellow and orange in yellow and orange group of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr were flavone and flavonol instead of carotenoid,moreover,the yellowness(b*)was positively correlated with the content of flavone and flavonol(TF).(4)By the use of illumnina/Solexa 2nd-generation high-flux transcriptome sequencing,the three varieties of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr,Little Black Girl,Romantic and Ventura,have undergone transcriptome sequencing,a total of 446340 high-quality transcriptome short sequences had been obtained,of which the mean length was 785bp.There are 29816 annotated Unigenes altogether in the Nr database,through a Go functional classification and Kegg metabolic pathway,the molecular function,biological process and cellular component of spathe of Zantedeschia hybrida Spr had been made clear,the genes related to the synthesis of anthocyanin had been summarized and analyzed,which found that,these genes largely existed in the form of multi-gene family.