| In order to solve the problems such as single cropping pattern and rapid increase of demand in the cultivated land of Inner Mongolia,the land use problem of single mode,the rapid growth in demand for forage crops,the forage crops mixed sowing research mode,in order to increase forage yield and quality of forage,meet the requirements of the development of animal husbandry.In this paper,oat、common vetch as experimental material,set five oat and common vetch mixture.screening out the most suitable proportion of local mixed cropping experiments.The results show that:1.Oat and Common Vetch mixed cropping can Reduce soil bulk density,increase the soil aggregate content,improve soil physical properties.Mixed with oats,common vetch treatment compared to those of the soil bulk density decreased,2.55%-9.54%lower than that of oat,4.32%-11.35%lower than common vetch.Mixed with soil aggregates content increased by 2.11-12.58%in the milk stage than at heading stage.Oat and Common Vetch mixed cropping YW2:1 treatment,the best improvement on soil physical properties.2.Mixed cropping treatments can increase soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content.Mixed treatmentYW1:2,YW1:3,YW3:1,microbial C biomass content than oat monoculture increased 13.61%-60.48%,than common vetch increased 26.41%-78.55%.The one hundred and fifth day,the content of microbial N biomass YW2:1 treatment is higher than that of monoculture cropping,oat and common vetch respectively increased 21.15%、67.14%,compare with other treatments are increased 107.42%-158.15%,than 75d has increased from 45.23%-160.13%.Oat and Common Vetch mixed YW2:1 treatment on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen to enhance the best effect.3.Mixed with certain degree compared with monocropping treatment can increase the soil enzyme activity.Mixed with catalase activity than that of oat increased 0.22%-13.34%,compared to those of the common vetch increased 6.13%-11.26%;YW1:3 increased 2.32%than oats;compared to oat,YW1:1,YW1:2,YW1:3,YW2:1 urease activity increased 3.72%-17.49%;YW1:1 and YW1:3,alkaline phosphatase activity than oat increased respectively,9.86%,9.10%,mixed with a sole common vetch group increased 3.83%-18.22%.The one hundred and fifth day,the activity of catalase decreased between 0.10%and 33.85%,invertase activity decreased between 24.98%and 45.14%,alkaline phosphatase activity decreased between 1.63%and 38.66%,urease activity increased 3.81%-24.01%.Oat and Pea mixed cropping,YW1:1 YW2:1,is the most ideal effect on soil enzyme activity.4.Mixed YW2:1 soil organic matter content is the highest,compared with other mixed with increased 12.80%-32.79%,compared to oat and common vetch respectively increase 10.56%,5.97%;Pattern and soil nitrogen content mixed YW1:3 treatment is higher than other treatments 7.56%-31.34%;The content of soil available phosphorus mixed cropping pattern,than that of oat increased 10.31%-29.29%than common vetch increased 5.71%-23.90%;YW1:2,YW2:1 mixed potassium content is slightly higher than the other 3 treatments increased 8.71%-12.76%;YW1:2,YW2:1 total nitrogen content increased,other than mixed processing 0.18%-0.92%;YW1:2,YW2:1,total phosphorus content increased,other than mixed processing 2.21%-5.21%;mixed cropping YW1:2,YW3:1,total potassium content is the highest than other mixed cropping,which increased 2.85%-13.10%、2.44%-9.97%.Oat common vetch 2:1 mixed ratio mode improve the best on soil chemical properties.5.The suitable proportion of the oat and common vetch mixed cropping can increase forage yield,improving land using efficiency.Mixed cropping than monoculture oat forage yield increased 4.00%-24.19%,the yield of common vetch increase 0.25%-19.71%:compared to oat grass yield YW1:2 increased 41%;comparing to the pea,YW1:2 and YW1:3 are increased by 18.31%and 12.64%.The 90 days,the maximum yield is reached which is suitable for the local bean forage mixed proportion yan.6.The mixed cropping could balanced increase the content of crude protein and crude fat,reduce the content of crude fiber.Mixed cropping treatment compared to monoculture oat crude protein content increased 14.38%-43.79%;treatment of crude fat content increased 2.66%-20.15%,compared to YW1:1 and YW3:1 pea were increased,17.90%-37.99%;the content of neutral oat monoculture fibers are increased respectively 0.97%,6,21%,mixed cropping YW1:1,YW3:1,the content of neutral fiber than common vetch increased 1.96%,7.25%;The relative feed value(RFV)higher treatment respectively:75 days of monoculture oat,mixed with YW1:3;the 90 day YW1:2 and YW1:3 mixed.7.Oat and Common Vetch mixed cropping can increased the crude protein and crude fat yield of forage,and improved the land equivalent ratio of forage to some extent.A heading filling stage,crude protein yield increased 28.39%-107.94%,milk filling stage was increased 20.76%-71.58%;filling stage is heading the crude fat yield increased 31.45%-321.69%,milk stage mixed YW2:1 crude fat yield was the highest,compared with other treatments increased 20.36%-38,87%.Mixed cropping treatments,YW2:1 treatment in each period of the land equivalent value is higher than that of other mixed with fresh,LER = 1.24,LER = 1.27 hay.Based on soil properties and relative yield and quality forage grass forage value comparison,recommend oats with arrows Kuo peas 2:1 mix as the most suitable for local planting patterns. |
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