Effect Of Subsoil Fertilization On Soil Physical Properties And Yield Of Soybean

The paper using pot text and field regional test research the effects of effects of different fertility differences on growth characteristics and the yield of soybean,effects of different soil fertilization on agronomic traits and the yield of soybean,effects of improved barrenous black Soil by subsoil fertilizing plough,effect of improvement of subsoil fertilization on the soil.Here are the tests results:?1?.With the increasing of subsoil fertility and P fertilizer,the plant height and chlorophyll of soybean increased significantly;There were no differences on dry matter accumulation,the most is high subsoil with fertilized p 120kg·hm^-2,is 116.6g·pot^-1,the next is middle subsoil with fertilized p 180kg·hm^-2,is 107.60g·pot^-1,the last is low subsoil with fertilized p 240kg·hm^-2,is103.7 g·pot^-1,it is benefit for the dry matter accumulation when different subsoil and fertilizing treatments reaches a certain relationship,and is significant;the root length of soybean was shown in decreasing orther of high>middle>low,there is a positive correlation between different subsoil and fertilizing treatments on root biomass,root nodule and root nodule dry mass;it is significant on yield of soybean of different subsoil,the most is high subsoil with fertilized p 120kg·hm^-2,is318g·pot^-1,the next is middle subsoil with fertilized p 180kg·hm^-2,is 299.8g·pot^-1,the last is low subsoil with fertilized p 240kg·hm^-2,is 283.5 g·pot^-1.?2?.Effect of fertilizer application of different phosphate fertilizer on Agronomic Traits of subsoil cultivation and yield of soybean was significantly different.The chlorophyll content had significant differences in the blooming and podding period of soybean,in a comprehensive view,NH₄H₂PO₄,contenting of 44%P₂O₅,was best on soybean yield,the yield increase rate is 32.8%,compate to the control group,soybean chlorophyll content increased 3.7%,plant fresh weight increased 28.1%,plant dry weight increased 28.6%,protein content increased 3.5%,fat content decreased 0.7%.Therefore,the subsoil fertilization should choose appropriate phosphate fertilizer,the yield is the best.?3?.The subsoil fertilizing can reduce the soil solid phase ratio,reduction of 6.4⁹.6%,improve soil available porosity,the increase of effective pore size was 5.4⁸2.0%;Subsoil fertilization can increase soil saturated water content and field capacity,improve the soil water storage,and soil available water storage capacity increased by 1.5 times,available water increased by 1.4 times,the effective water content of 30⁶0cm soil layer was greater than that of 0³0cm;Dynamic changes of soil moisture during the whole growth period of crops,the surface is greatly affected by rainfall,the control treatment is higher than the subsoil fertilizing treatment,the subsoil fertilizing treatment 30⁶0cm soil moisture content is higher than that of the control treatment,the 7.81mm of soil water consumption was higher than that of deep tillage 0³0cm,30⁶0cm soil water consumption of subsoil fertilization was higher than that of the control treatment 7.2mm,the efficiency of soil water using rate is higher of subsoil fertilizing treatment,is 1.7 times to the control treatment.Subsoil fertilizing can reduced 10-30cm soil bulk density,soil hardness and soil aeration effectively,compared with the control treatment,the soil bulk density in Nenjiang area was 0.1 g.cm^-3 in 2014 and in 2015,compared to the control treatment,the aeration was improved 34.8×10^-5cm·s^-1and 50.7×10^-5cm·s^-1,the soil bulk density in 2014 and 2015 Yian area were down 0.09 g.cm^-3 and 0.05 g.cm^-3,ventilation coefficient increases were 34.0×10^-5cm·s^-1and10.8×10^-5cm·s^-1,Nenjiang area and Yian soil hardness below 10cm soil layer were decreased evidently compared to control.Subsoil fertilization can improve the content of available phosphorus in soil,the most obvious effect is on above 20³0cm soil,the effective rate of soil available phosphorus in Nenjiang was increased by 67.1⁶9.2mg/kg,the soil available phosphorus increased 15.0¹6.2mg/kg Yian area for two years,Subsoil fertilization can improve the content of available potassium in soil,the average increase rate of soil available potassium in Nenjiang area was 31.5⁴6.3mg/kg,Yian area soil available potassium content increased by 10.1¹0.3mg/kg;The subsoil fertilizing can increase the yield of soybean,Nenjiang area subsoil fertilization increased the yield of soybean was higher,compared with the average yield increased by 29.5%in two years,Ian subsoil fertilization increased the yield of soybean was 9.6%years average.