The Preparation Of Compost Extracts And Application On Vegetables

Composting extracts as the organic liquid fertilizer,due to the bio-control and fertilizer effect and had a wide prospect of promotion.A lot of reports shown that irrigation of composting extracts were beneficial to crop growth and development.Therefore,this article through the composting of agricultural waste to prepare for the composting extracts and through the tomato seeding test to research the effect of composting extracts on tomato seeding,and then research the effect of composting extracts on tomato and leaf vegetables quality and yield in order to provide the theory basis for composting extracts application.The main results were as follows:1.Three kinds of livestock manure(pig mature,cow mature,sheep mature)were composted to research the physical and chemical properties of organic fertilizer and compost extracts in order to lay the foundation for the application of compost extracts.The result showed that: Decomposed pig mature included abundant organic matters,macroelements,microelements,and then was decomposed cattle mature,the nutrients contents of decomposed goat mature were the least.Under aerobic conditions,compost extracted in water for 72 hours in the leaching ratio of 1:10,the pig mature extracts included the most nutrition,and then were cattle mature extracts,the nutrients contents of goat mature extracts were the least.So,the Decomposed pig mature could provide plenty of nutrients for plants.2.The effect of compost extracts on the growth of tomato seedlings was studied through the seedlings test.Five treatments were set: T1,3/4 cattle manure compost extracts(TN 122.25 mg/L);T2,3/4 mushroom residue + chicken manure compost extracts(TN 135.90 mg/L);T3,3/4 mushroom residue + cattle manure compost extracts(TN 125.78 mg/L);T4,1/3 pig manure compost extracts(TN 117.75 mg/L).The result showed that: the physicochemical property of 1/3 pig manure compost extract(TN 117.75 mg/L)was the most similar to control,according to the morphological characteristics,dry matters,the ratio of root and shoot ratio,photosynthetic characteristics,absorption and distribution of nutrient,the physicochemical property of 1/3 pig manure compost extract could improve the quality of tomato seeding significantly,and then was the 3/4 cattle manure compost extract(TN 122.25 mg/L).3.The effects of compost extracts on the yield and quality of tomatoes were studied.Five treatments were set: T1,1/5Pig mature extracts: 1/5 cattle mature extracts(4:1);T2,1/5 Pig mature extracts: 1/5 goat mature extracts(4:1);T3,1/4 Pig mature extracts: 1/4 cattle mature extracts: 1/4 goat mature extracts(4:1:1);CK,1 Japanese garden general formula.The results shown that: Irrigation of 1/5 pig mature extracts: 1/5 cattle mature extracts(4:1)could improve soluble solids,soluble protein,soluble sugar,vitamin c(Vc)contents and ratio of sugar to acid,and the nitrate contents in fruits were significantly reduced.Then was the 1/4 pig mature extracts: 1/4 cattle mature extracts: 1/4 goat mature extract(4:1:1).So,Irrigation of compost extracts could improve tomato fruits quality,but there was no difference in yield.4.The aroma compositions and contents in tomato fruits were measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS).The results indicated that the contents of total volatile substances and characteristic compounds were increased by compost extracts.The 1/4 pig mature extracts: 1/4 cattle mature extracts: 1/4 goat mature extract(4:1:1)was the most effective,and then was 1/5 pig mature extracts: 1/5 cattle mature extracts(4:1).In conclusion,application of compost extracts could increase flavor in a way.5.The effect of compost extracts on the study of leaf vegetables were studied,five treatments were set: T1,1/5Pig mature extracts: 1/5 cattle mature extracts(4:1);T2,1/5 Pig mature extracts: 1/5 goat mature extracts(4:1);T3,1/4 Pig mature extracts: 1/4 cattle mature extracts: 1/4 goat mature extracts(4:1:1);CK,1 Japanese garden general formula.The results showed that compost extracts could improve the vitamin contents,reduced the nitrate content significantly,but the effect on production was not obvious.In this case,the effects were the best in 1/5 pig mature extracts: 1/5 cattle mature extract(4:1).