Cadmium Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Pathway In Apoptosis Of Chicken Neutrophils Is Alleviated By Selenium

Cadmium(Cd)is an important environmental pollutant present in soil,water,air,and food.Cd also can decrease immune function and induces apoptosis of immune cells.Selenium(Se)can antagonize some metal element toxicity including Cd.Neutrophils are a principal component of the innate immune system and they possess phagocytosis of bacteria,the release of antimicrobial peptides,and cytolysis.To evaluate the cytotoxicity of Cd and the chemoprotective role of Se on bird neutrophils in vitro,we incubated chicken neutrophils cells with Cadmium chloride(Cd Cl2)(10-6 M),Sodium selenite(Na2Se O3)(10-7 M),and with a mixture of Na2 Se O3(10-7 M)and Cd Cl2(10-6 M)for 12,24,36,and 48 h.The detection of the changes of granulocyte morphology,neutral immune and inflammatory factors gene level and protein level in chicken peripheral blood,we finally clear the apoptosis mechanism of under selenium antagonism cadmium via endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)pathway to chicken peripheral blood neutrophils.The conclusions as follows:1.The inflammation related genes in chicken peripheral blood neutrophils was detected by RT-PCR,we found that Cd could affect the expression of related genes.We found that Interleukin 1?(IL-1?),Interleukin 10(IL-10),and interferon gamma(IFN-?)increased and interleukin 17(IL-17),interleukin 4(IL-4)decreased significantly in the chicken neutrophils of the Cd treatment groups.Cd significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B),inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-?),and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)and the nitric oxide(NO)content.2.The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)pathway apoptosis related genes in chicken peripheral blood neutrophils was detected by RT-PCR,we demonstrated that Cd induced the apoptosis of chicken neutrophils and increased mRNA level of Bak,Cysteine-aspartic protease(Caspase)-3,Caspase-9,Caspase-12,glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6),decreased mRNA level of Bcl-xl,and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein(CaM).3.The expression of NF-?B and Caspase-12 protein increased significantly in the Cd treatment groups.Se pretreatment significantly protected neutrophils against Cd-caused alterations.4.Cd-induced apoptosis were in chicken peripheral blood neutrophils were detected through AO / EB and TUNEL method,it can be concluded that Cd can induce the apoptosis of chicken neutrophils from the biological and morphological point of view.Se can reduce the damage of Cd.To sum up,our work suggested that Cd-induced immune suppression,inflammatory response,and apoptosis via ERS.Moreover,these factors played critical roles in Se-mediated chemoprevention against Cd-induced immunotoxicity.