Biological Effects Of Selenium-enriched And Iodinated Copper-based Foliar Fertilizer On Radish And Lettuce

Copper-base foliar fertilizer is developed by National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources,Shandong Agricultural University,with the bactericidal effects and nutrition function.In this paper,different types copper-base foliar fertilizer were made by adding diatomite,selenium(Se)or iodine(I)element into copper hydroxide.They are the ordinary copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF),selenium-enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-Se)and iodinated copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-I).All products related index were evaluated according to the UN food and agriculture organization(UN/FAO)and the wettable powder suspension performance of quality standards.Four kinds of copper-base foliar fertilizer were chose in the test,contrasting as spraying water(CK)and the traditional Bordeaux mixture(BDM).They were ordinary copper-base of foliar fertilizer(CBFF),selenium-enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-Se),potassium iodide enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KI)and potassium iodate enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KIO).All four copper-base foliar fertilizers had two concentrations.Indexes of plants and soil were measured to show the influence of foliar fertilizers.The indexes included yield,agronomic index,quality,plant nutrients content and soil trace elements content of radish test and yield,quality,plant nutrient contents,photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics,plant nutrients content and soil trace elements content of lettuce test in different treatment.It provided theoretical basis to the producti of selenium-enriched,iodinated vegetables.Among them,radish was planted in pots experiment,only1 quarter and lettuce was planted in plot,by 2 times.The main results were as follows:1.In this test,the particle size,pH,floating rate,wettability,foamability,liquidity,hot storage stability of all product were measured in accordance with the United Nations food and agriculture organization(UN/FAO)and the wettable powder quality standard requirements.And the potassium iodate enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer had the best suspension performance with suspension rate 72.88%.2.Spraying 1 g/L selenium-enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-Se1)significantly increased the root of radish fresh weight,thick fleshy root transverse diameter,root water content and leaf number 53.66%,23.01%,1.61% and 53.66% respectively.Spraying 2 g/L ordinary copper-base fertilizer(CBFF2)and 2 g/L containing potassium iodide copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KI2)significantly improved the radish dry matterof root 40.77%,39.87% respectively.The fresh weight of lettuce shoot of CBFF-Se1 was significantly increased by 28.92% than CK.The fresh weight of lettuce shoot by spraying 2g/L of copper base containing potassium iodide foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KIO2)and 1 g/L of copper base containing potassium iodate foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KI1)reduced significantly22.47% and 22.73% than CK in 2015.3.Compared to BDM,spraying copper-base foliar fertilizer significantly reduced shoot and underground part copper content of 55.67% to 55.67%,61.57% 91.24%.Copper base fertilizer significantly improved the copper content in radish shoot from 1.25 to3.37 times.Spraying high concentration copper-base foliar fertilizer treatments radish copper contents were obviously lower than spraying low concentration copper foliar fertilizer processing.Soluble protein of radish fleshy root in CBFF-KI2 and 1 g/L of potassium iodate enriched copper-base foliar fertilizer(CBFF-KIO1)increased significantly under the condition of37.87%,39.26%.In 2015,Vc contents of lettuce in CBFF1,CBFF2,CBFF-Se2,CBFF-KI1 treatments increased 18.52%,58.49%,35.28% and 58.49% than CK,respectively.Lettuce nitrate contents in CBFF1,CBFF-Se1,CBFF-Se2,CBFF-KI2,CBFF-KIO1 treatments were significantly reduced 33.30%,49.10%,58.78%,39.08%,58.78%.than CK in 2016.4.Selenium content of radish increased significantly after spraying CBFF-Se.Spraying 1g/L(CBFF-Se1)and 2 g/L(CBFF-Se2)selenium-enriched copper-based foliar fertilizer selenium content of radish root increased by 1.27%-20.39%,48.80%-74.61% over other treatment.Selenium content in CBFF-Se2 fleshy root(fresh weight)increased by 23.76%than in CBFF-Se1.It showed there was any inhibition of plants selenium accumulation by spraied high concentration.5.Spraying different types copper-base foliar fertilizer could improve iodine content of plant.Compared to CK,iodine content of radish root by spraying CBFF-KI1 and CBFF-KIO1 were significantly increased by 44.38% and 93.41%.The the iodine of lettuce shoot spraied CBFF-KI1 and CBFF-KI2 were significantly increased by 127.91%,23.35% than CK.In iodinated copper-base foliar fertilizer treatments,iodine content of lettuce roots were significantly increased by 25.95% to 25.95% than CK.6.Effective copper content in soil of radish by spraied copper-base foliar fertilizer treatment copper content significantly reduced 31.69% 54.89% than BDM.Thus the soil risk of copper contaminated could be reduced.Soil manganese contents in radish test were reduced by 7.50%-14.23% by spraied copper-base foliar fertilizer treatments than water.Soileffective manganese contents in lettuce tests were reduced 16.72%-44.92% by spraying copper-base foliar fertilizer in 2016.7.Comprehensive analysis of index of radish and lettuce,spraying CBFF-Se1 and CBFF-Se2 improved the selenium content of plants.Spraying CBFF-KIO1 improved the content of soluble protein and iodine in radish root.Spraying CBFF-Se1 improved the selenium content,yield of lettuce and spraying CBFF-KI1 improved the quality of the iodine content in lettuce.