Survey Of Eggplant Production In Fujian Province And Screening Of Chilling-resistant Cultivars And Analysis On The Physiolocal Reponses In Solanum Melongena L.

Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)production has become one of the important vegetable industry in Fujian province.In 2015,the total cultivated area of eggplant was about 25,175 hectares,with a total output of more than 1,850,000 tons and an output value of about RMB 7 billion yuan.However,the production of eggplant faced with the threat of a variety of natural disasters,including typhoons,heavy rain,chilling and frost injury,and so on.Especially the chilling and frost injury in January 2016,caused severe damage in the eggplant production in the area of east and north of Fujian.In this paper,the current production and developments of eggplant in Fujian province was briefly reviewed,and the corresponding development suggestions were put forward.In addition,three chilling-resistant eggplant cultivars were selected.The main results are as follows:The regional distribution,planting scale,main cultivars,cultivation techniques,economic benefits,and pests and diseases of eggplant cultivation in Fujian province were investigated,the results showed that long eggplants are the main cultivars in Fujian.Open filed cultivation is mainly tape accounted for 73%,Plastic greenhouse cultivation is popular and accounted for 27%of the total eggplant area.The eggplant in protected cultivation showed good quality,high yield,fewer pests and diseases,stronger ability to resist natural disasters.Because there are many types of cultivation method,the eggplant production has reached the annual supply in Fujian.However,there are also some problems existed in the eggplant production in Fujian,such as lacking of variety type,serious continuous cropping,chilling and frost injury,etc.A total of 36 eggplant cultivars were treated with low temperature for 12 h,and the chilling injury index and electrolyte leakage rate were analyzed.The chilling injury index of T40,T41,and T43 were lower than 0.20,and the chilling injury index of T58×65,T63×54 were about 1.00,so we screened three chilling-resistant cultivars and two chilling-sensitive cultivars.The results showed that the chilling injury index is a better way for the screening of chilling-resistant cultivars compare with the electrolyte leakage rate.The five selected cultivars(T40,T41,T43,T58×65,T63×54)were treated under 15,9,3,and-3? to evaluate the physiological and biochemical indexes related to chill-resistance in the leaves.The results indicated that the content of soluble sugar,proline,chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin in the T40?T41 and T43 were higher than that in the other two cultivars,while the content of MDA and freewater was lower,this further proved that the chilling-resistant properties of T40?T41 and T43.