Biological Characteristics And Occurrence Pattern Of The New Recorded Mushroom Pest-Megaselia Tamilnaduensis Disney

In this paper,the morphological characteristics and biological habits of the new record edible fungi pests,Megaselia tamilnaduensis Disney,were studied in detail.Taking the Plantation of Edible Fungi in Zhangyi Agricultural Hi-tech Development Zone of Shenyang for example,the occurrence regularity and damage status of the species were investigated.The corresponding prevention and control suggestions were put forward.The results obtained are as follows:M.tamilnaduensis is a member of the Phoridae,Diptera.Its main morphological characters are: C-costa with two rows of cilia,the number is 16 and 17.Subcosta pale,and not obvious.Vein Rs with a long bristle.Vein A1+CuA1 pale.The egg length was 0.20 mm,Width 0.10 mm,milky.Larvae are divided into three instar,the first larvae instar long was 1.60mm(1.50mm-1.93mm),width 0.34mm(0.30mm-0.48mm);the second larvae instar long was 2.54mm(1.92mm-2.85mm),width 0.52mm(0.47mm-0.56mm);the third larvae instar long was 3.35mm(2.83mm-3.41mm),Width 0.68mm(0.54mm-0.70mm).Larva is white,with 11 segments.Pupa length 2.3mm(2.0mm-2.7mm),width 0.80mm(0.67mm-0.95mm),With a pair of breathing angles.The color changes from brownish yellow to dark brown.During eclosion stage,the ring-shaped top of pupa split.At 27℃,the species needs 21-25 d to complete a generation;The egg stage lasts 1d;First larva instar 1-2d,Second larvae instar 2-3.5d;Third larvae instar 3-4d;Pupal stage 6-8d;Male adult 4-6d;Female adult 5-8d.Under natural conditions,it needs 20-23 d to complete a generation;The egg stage lasts 1d.First larva instar 1-2d,Second larvae instar 1.5-3d,Third larvae instar 2.5-4d;Pupal stage 6-7d;Male adult 4-6d;Female adult 5-7d.The period of M.tamilnaduensis was from September to November in Shenyang.The outbreak period has a great relationship with temperature,humidity,mushroom cultivation stage,and so on.The damage of M.tamilnaduensis to autumn Pleurotus ostreatus occurrs mainly at 10-30 ℃;At 27℃,the maximum amount of insect dominance,which is also the highest,up to 78.39%.When the humidity reached 60%,Largest amount of M.Tamilnaduensis.At different stages of planting,the largest number of insects,and the most serious harm occurrs in the first crop of mushroom period.According to the life history and occurrence regularity of M.tamilnaduensis,and combining with the investigation of pest control methods and effects in the area,several corresponding control suggestions are put forward:(1)Pesticides: Mix proportioning per ton of feed 200 g insecticide;(2)Sun exposure: Being covered with larvae packs exposure 3-5 days,which can kill a large number of larvae and greatly reduce the density of insect population.(3)Water immersion: soaking the severely injured bacteria pack for 6-12 hours,which can kill a large number of larvae in packages.The innovation of this paper is: Discovering a new insect pest,which is harmful to the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in Shenyang;Researching its life history,and finding out the regularity of occurrence in Shenyang;Putting forward several effective prevention and treatment recommendations.