| Pyrus betulifolia (Pyrus betulifolia Bunge) is one of the oldest species of pear, the wild P. betulifolia has drought resistance, cold resistance, water logging, salinity tolerance resistance to diseases and pests and other characteristics, contains more genetic variability than the cultivated ones generally.This study regards 65 wild P. betulifolia from Zhongtiao mountains in Shanxi Province as research objects, through field investigation and seedling nursery for two years, using morphological structure comparison, determination of physiological index and structure observation, analyzing and comparing different wild P. betulaefolia growth potential, physiological characteristics, differences in anatomical structure, and the correlation of growth potential with grafted varieties yuluxiangli pear, and cluster analysis the indicator of significant correlation coefficient, and combining with SSR markers to estimate the genetic diversity and population structure. The main results are included as follows:1?The results indicated that P. betulaefolia mainly distributed in the area of 34.44-35.20°n,110.12-111.36°E,with elevation from 749 to 1330 meters in Zhongtiao mountain of Shanxi Province. Ruicheng, Pinglu, Yuanqu, Jiangxian and Wenxi were five major distribution areas of P. betulaefolia. Different regions within the scope of variation is larger, the seeds of P. betulaefolia classification is mainly from the color black, brown, red, black, gray, celadon, from the shape difference mainly divided into elliptic, ovate, obovate, conical four classes.2?116 allele loci were detected by 21 SSR primer paris, with an average of 5.52 locus per primer pari, of which 106 (91.38%) were polymorphic. Na, Ne, H, I mean was 1.9224,1.5946,0.3424 and 1.9224, respectively. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that similarity coefficient varied between 0.58-0.87 with an average of 0.73, all the resources were classified into 5 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.664, there was 3 groups all contain only 1 resource, the other 2 groups containing 29 and 33 resources respectively,33 resources were classified into 4 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.658. STRUCTURE results proved that the 65 resources could be divided into 7 subgroup.3?Correlation analysis showed that plant height was positively correlated with the diameter, shoot growth and taproot length, diameter was positively correlated with the shoot growth, taproot length was positively correlated with lateral root number, branch-cortex ratio was negative correlation with the height, diameter and shoot growth; thickness of leaf was positively correlated with downside of cuticle, palisade tissue and spongy tissue, palisade tissue was positively correlated with the spongy tissue, cross sectional diameter, Pith diameter, thickness of cuticle, cortex, xylem and phloem were significantly positively correlated, vessel density was positively correlated with the thickness of phloem; three enzyme activity IOD, POD and PPO were extremely significant positive correlation in 65 wild P. betulaefolia resources. Further by no rotating principal component factor analysis of P. betulaefolia growth potential and the anatomical relationship showed that could be interpreted as "growth potential and leaf anatomical structure proportion interaction factor " and "the growth potential and the structure of branches proportion interaction factor ".4?The wild resources of P. betulaefolia taproot length is 22.09 cm on average, variation range of 9 to 43 cm.The number of lateral roots of different wild P. betulaefolia average 52, ranging between 26-84,12-J-59.12-J-60?12-J-43.12-J-33?12-J-04 for up to five copies of the number of lateral root resources, were greater than 75.5?65 wild P. betulaefolia resources grafting growth 30 d to 51 d growth fastest after grafting, with an average growth increased from 34.99 cm to 79.83 cm, grafting basic stopped after growing 128 d, finally the average height of 137.58 cm.The scope of the graft height was 74 cm-195 cm, grafting the scope of the roughness was 10 mm-17 mm.6?The height of the grafting 'Yu Luxiangli' pear is closely related to the multiple index of the rootstock. which was positively correlated with the rootstock height, shoot growth, diameter, spongy tissue thickness and spongy tissue/leaf thickness, vessel density and was significantly negatively correlated with branch-cortex ratio, Palisade/spongy, Palisade tissue/Thickness of leaf, palisade tissue thickness, IOD, POD and PPO. These indicators as wild P. betulaefolia dwarf the performance of the primary indicators, through clustering analysis to select the strains had the potential to dwarf,12J series 15,45,47,48,52,13J series of 7,8,9,16,17,12-Y-8,13-Y-8,13-Y-18,12-W-1,12-W-7,13-W-1,13-F-01,12-C-01 as the primary system. |
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