| A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of uneven planting (different spacing ratio) on corn growth and the grain yield and quality of Foxtail Millet with the material of " Nongda 8"and "Nongda 10" under split plot design. So as to choose the best spacing ratio, the species was the mainly area, the uneven planting was the deputy district. Settings such as line spacing planting(30cm+3ocm) and the wide row and narrow row treatment(40cm+20cm) and wide row planting (60cm+15cm+15cm) in the same planting density (375000/hm2) conditions. By analyzing the two varieties'characteristics, morphological index (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and etc), photosynthetic characteristics(chlorophyll content, photosynthetic potential, the attenuation rate of leaf area, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and etc), water use efficiency, soil moisture content, yield and quality, the following main results:1 Based on the two plant height growth dynamic basic consistent of Nongda 8 and nongda 10, in "slow-fast-slow" growth trend, and plant height of nongda 8 in the whole growth period were higher than nongda 10. In the early stage of millet, significant difference of plant growth under different planting patterns, showing T2> T3> Tl, Along with delay of the growth period, plant growth rate started to slow down. The difference is smaller. Butstem diameter difference was not significant,2 Leaf area of Nongda8 were higher than nongda 10 from jointing stage to maturity, and leaf area of plant in T2 treatment were higher than those in T1 and T3 in the whole stage. Millet growth rate is relatively fast at the early stage, leaves covered the ground quickly and reduced the light-leaking loss. Leaf area showed a decreasing trend until the late harvest maturity. Compared with the T1 and T3, the changes of T2 leaf area showed a rapid increase in the early stage of growth. In the late growth stage, the slow rate of decline was slow, which was was beneficial to improve the utilization of light energy in the whole growth period, and increased the accumulation of dry matter.The growth period of T2 treatment of photosynthetic potential maximum under the condition of uneven planting reached significant level.The photosynthetic potential, which is at heading stage and grain filling stage, was significantly higher than that at other growth stages. And T2 treatment of leaf area was the lowest, leaf area decay rate of nongda 8 in T3 treatment is highest, leaf area attenuation rate of nongda 10 in T1 treatment is the largest.3 The overall performance of the T2 (40cm+20cm) treatment was the highest in the effect of uneven planting on the content of chlorophyll a of Nongda8 and Nongda 10, and reached significant level, and Nongda 8 chlorophyll a was slightly lower than that of Nongda 10. Under the condition of this experiment, Nongda 8 had no significant difference of uneven planting in chlorophyll b, and had significant difference of uneven planting in Nongda10. The effect of uneven planting on chlorophyll a/b of Nongda 8 and NongdalO was not significantly different, but the effect on chlorophyll a+b reached significant level.,4 The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate increased at first and then decreased with time under the uneven planting of Nongda 8 and Nongda10. Net photosynthetic rate increased with the increase of the wide line, and then decreased. The effect of different cropping patterns on the net photosynthetic rate reached a significant level. T2 was the largest rise in net photosynthetic rate, and decreasing trend of the Nongda8 was slower than Nongda10 in filling stage, extended the function of green leaves, and maintained the photosynthetic rate.Stomatal conductance showed a trend of gradual decline in Nongda8 and NongdalO from heading stage to filling stage, The effect of different planting patterns on the stomatal conductance of the two varieties reached a significant level, and both kinds of stomatal conductance was a significant higher than that of T2 and T3. CO2 concentration showed a a trend of rise after the first reduce from jointing stage to filling stage of Nongda 8 and Nongda 10, at heading stage with the minimum of two varieties of intercellular CO2 concentration, And Nongda8 the transpiration rate of the whole higher than Nongda10.Spacing (40 cm+20 cm) planting patterns coefficient of photochemical fluorescence quenching (qP) and the actual photochemical efficiency (PSII), Y(II) value, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo were characterized by T2> Tl> T3, compared with traditional spacing(30 cm) and wide planting (60 cm+15 cm+15 cm), and the effect on growth of nongda 10 better than nongda 8. The direct path effect of the photosynthetic parameters on the net photosynthetic rate was Fv/Fo>ETR>E>qP>Gi>Fm/Fv>PS>Ci.5 The soil moisture content in different planting patterns was significantly different, and the soil moisture content was the highest in T2 treatment. The overall performance for the T2> T1> T3. By fitting two varieties in unbalanced conditions of SPAD and corresponding to the water use efficiency, known in Nongda 8 and Nongda 10 in T2 treatment, the determination coefficient (R2) is the largest, in Nongda 8 and Nongda 10 performance for T2>T1>T3, the R2 between 0.5939-0.6938 and 0.6228-0.777.6 The effects of unbalanced cultivation on the phenylalanine, serine, glycine, histidine, serine and tyrosine of nongda8 and nongdalO were not significant, but isoleucine, leucine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, proline were significantly, the overall performance for the T2>T1>T3, effect of Uneven planting on alanine,methionine, lysine in T3 treatment was the highest,in addition, lysine, methionine, arginine, glycine, tyrosine were slightly higher than those of Nongda 10 under the three planting. Isoleucine, leucine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline and serine content were lower than those of Nongda10.E/T value reached 40% of nongda 8 in the condition of T3, E/T value reached 44% and 42% in the T2 and T3 nongda 10 planting conditions respectively, And E/N of nongda 8 showed T3> T1> T2, E/N of nongda 10 showed theT2> T3>T1.The effects of uneven planting on grain moisture content and protein content reached significant level, overall performance for the two varieties of carbohydrates:T3> T1> T2, T3 treatment for the highest, the influence of fat content is different, fiber content was highest in T1 treatment, nongda 8 in T3 treatment is highest, nongda 10 in T1 treatment is the highest, The ash content of nongda 8 is highest in the treatment of T1 and nongda 10 is highest in T3.7 The yield components of T2 were significantly higher than that of T1 and T3 under unbalanced treatment, and the difference between T1 and T3 was not significant, Two varieties had significantly higher T1 treatment than T3 and T2, and the other treatments were not significantly different between the varieties, In the ear weight and 1000 grain weight showed T2> T3>T1, the differences between treatments reached significant level, The yield was significantly different in the unbalanced plant, and the yield of T2 was the highest. |
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