Effects Of Rootstocks On Growth And Development Of Grafted Tomatoes

In this study,‘Kensuke 912'(K)and ‘Support'(S)were used as rootstocks and 'Jinpeng 1' as scion(J).The effects of different rootstocks on the growth and development,yield and quality and some physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted tomato were studied.The aim of this study was to further explore the physiological mechanism of rootstock affecting yield and quality.The main test results are as follows:1.The total length,total volume and surface area of the grafted seedlings of ‘Support'(S)J/S and ‘Kensuke 912'(K)of J/K as rootstock were significantly increased than ‘Jinpeng 1'(J)self-root seedling,respectively,and root vigor was significantly enhanced,the length and volume of J/K were increased by 35.28%,27.55% and 20.85%,7.52% respectively compared with J/J and K/K,J/S were increased by 25.24%,23.19% and 16.46%,11.24% respectively compared with J/J and K/K.The plant height,stem diameter and root weight,stem and leaf weight of J/K and J/S were significantly higher than those of self-root seedling,and fruit per plant fresh weight were showed that J/K> J/S> J/J.2.The yield of grafted tomato J/K and J/S was 12961.46 kg/667m~2 and 11638.47 kg/667m~2,which was 47.12% and 32.15% higher than J/J respectively.The fruit hardness is: J/K> J/J> J/J> K/K> S/S,and the number of single fruit is: J/K> J/S> J/J.Compared with J/J,the contents of lycopene,soluble sugar,soluble protein and Vc were significantly increased in J/K,while J/S only increased the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein,and the content of lycopene was significantly decreased.3.The leaf pigment content,stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate of J/K and J/S were significantly higher than those of J/J,results of the peak(April 26),the diurnal variation of Pn and Gs of all treated tomato leaves showed a bimodal curve,and the reason of "midday depression of photosynthesis" was mainly stomatal limitation.J/K and J/S were significantly higher than those of J/J,but J/K was significantly higher than J/S,while NPQ was the opposite.Description grafting improves the photochemical efficiency of tomato.4.The activity of glutamine synthetase(GS),glutamic acid synthase(GOGAT)and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)in graftd tomato seedling leaves and fruits were significantly higher than that of the self-rooted tomato seedling,the contents of protein nitrogen,free amino acid nitrogen,total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were also increased,and J/K was the highest,J/S followed.The results showed that grafting could improve the nitrogen uptake and the synthesis of organic nitrogen in tomato by increasing the activity of nitrogen metabolism in plant and improving the absorption and utilization efficiency of inorganic nitrogen.5.The content of starch,reducing sugar,total sugar and sucrose in tomato leaves all offered upgrade firstly than descending latter tendency,but the content of fructose decreased with the growth of tomato;Though a similar tendency in sucrose synthase(SS),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),acid invertase(AI)and neutral invertase(NI)activity,and both J/K>J/J> J/J.The activity of SS and SPS in fruits decreased with the development of fruit,and the activity of AI and NI increased first and then decreased,especially in the mature period activity was highest;The contents of starch reduced gradually in the fruits,and the content of reducing sugar,total sugar,fructose reaches the highest during the mature period,,the sucrose content were highest in turn color issue.