| Tobacco leaf is the foundation of the survival and development of the industry. With the requirement of tobacco material increasing continuously, high-quality tobacco raw materials supply situation was not optimistic, the contradiction of unsuitable tobacco leaf in inventory increased was more and more prominent.In Meizhou areas, local farmers probably ignored the quality of tobacco due to one-sided pursuit of output, which leads to the contradiction between yield and quality.Optimizing the structure of tobacco in the field was the important measures to control tobacco plant nutrition and quality of tobacco leaf.However, the current field structure measures were often at the expense of the cost of production during the execution, which resisted by farmers. Therefore, without significantly reducing the yield,whether technical measures could control the field to achieve the purpose of optimizing the structure of the tobacco or not was the problem for further research to solve.This experiment used Yunyan 87 as materials to study the effect of yield and quality and level structure and site structure under different planting densities, different topping, removal way of foot leaves and removal time of the foot leaves of flue-cured tobacco to select the suitable planting density of Meizhou areas and practical optimizing measures to provide some theoretical basis and practical guidance in Wuhua and Pingyuan during two years.The main research results were as follows:(1)This study showed that low density treatment compared with the treatment of high density in agronomic performance better, optimization, measures of the foot leaves reduced tobacco for tobacco consumption in the field of nutrient acts, of maximum leaf length, maximum leaf area of agronomic index has significant improving effect and early removal of 3 foot leaves on the growth period of flue-cured tobacco agronomic indicator of favorable, and normal or delayed extraction 3 foot leaves on the extension of adverse effects.(2) With the increase of planting density, total sugar, reducing sugar content rise, decreased the content of starch, a certain density, as the fight to the increase in number of feet and parietal lobe, the content of total nitrogen and nicotine is also increased gradually, removal of the foot leaves a unified number for 3 films, with the number of parietal removal increased, total sugar, reducing sugar content increased, total nitrogen, nicotine content decreased, increased the content of potassium, and with the removal of the foot leaves time delay, total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium content decreased and starch, total nitrogen and nicotine was significantly higher.(3)In advance or not battu leaves on neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco harmful, topping stage to remove 3 amphipods leaves on neutral aroma matter large accumulation. With the increasing of number of topping leaves, effective leaf number decreased, aroma substances total have greatly improved, high density relatively low density treatment aroma amount was greater.(4)Optimization measures would cause yield losses, but increased planting density could make up for by the optimization measures loss per unit area of leaf number, at 16500 hm-2 density and topping removed 3 foot leaves, while optimizing the economic effect brought a piece of parietal best, classy smoke, fine tobacco ratio, central lobe ratio also increased significantly.On the whole, When planting density was 16500 plant·hm-2 and removing three foot leaves while topping and optimizing a piece of top leaf, the plant had a more coordinated chemical composition and aroma content.At the same time,it ensured the original output do not fall and significantly enhanced the ratio of high-quality and middle and high class.Besides,it increased the ratio of middle leaves.The most important was that it ensured the farmers income while significantly improved the grade structure and site structure of tobacco,which was suitable for popularization and application in Meizhou areas. |
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