Effect Of Ala-Gln And ?-GABA On Growth,Immunity And Resistance To Hypoxia Stress Of Cyprinus Carpio Var.jian

To evaluate the influence of propylamine acyl-glutamine(Ala-Gln) and?-aminobutyric acid(GABA) on growth, immunity of cyprinus carpio var.jian[initial average weight of(45.59±0.24g)]. Seven isoenergetic(17.0MJ/kg) and isonitrogenous(32% crude protein) feeds were formulated with varying proportions of Ala-Gln and GABA. With the 100% ratio corresponding to the optimum concentraion of Ala-Gln and GABA for Cyprinus carpio var.jian growth(6.0 g/kg Ala-Gln?90 mg/kg GABA),the seven groups of feeds were formulated by scaling up or down to I group 0%( 0g/kg Ala-Gln and 0 mg/kg GABA), II group 20%(1.2 g/kg Ala-Gln and 18 mg/kg GABA), III group 40%( 2.4 g/kg Ala-Gln and 36mg/kg GABA), IV group 60%( 3.6g/kg Ala-Gln and 54 mg/kg GABA), V group 80%( 4.8 g/kg Ala-Gln and 72 mg/kg GABA), VI group 100%(6.0 g/kg Ala-Gln and 90 mg/kg GABA), and VII group120%( 7.2 g/kg Ala-Gln and 108 mg/kg GABA). After feeding for 8 weeks, the senve treatment groups were subjected to hypoxia stress( DO:1.0±0.2 mg/L), after 0, 1, 2, 4,8 h hypoxia stress and 8.5 h, 9.5 h, 10.5 h normoxia. The results indicated that:(1) Compared with the 0% control group(I group), all the other feed groups with added Ala-Gln and GABA significantly increased the average weight gain rate and the specific growth rate for the carps(P<0.05). The 60% group resulted in significantly higher feed efficiency, protein efficiency, and protein synthetic in muscle compared to the control group(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among other groups(P>0.05).With the Ala-Gln and GABA supplementation increased, SOD activity of the groups supplemented with IV, V, VI groups were significantly higher than that the0% control group(P<0.05), and no significant difference among three groups(P >0.05). MDA content gradually reduced, the groups supplemented with IV, V, VI and VII group were significantly lower than 0% control group group(P<0.05).Compared with 0% control group group, LZM activity of the group supplemented with IV, V,VI group were significantly increased(P<0.05); Head kidney and spleen NO content of all the supplemented groups were significantly increased(P<0.05). Head kidney group supplemented with V group and spleen group supplemented with IV group was the highest.(2) During the hypoxia time, LZM activity, NO of head kidney and spleen is increased inCyprinus carpio var.jian, at 4 h hypoxia stress reach maximum, at 8 hhypoxia stress is reduced, the adding groups were higher than the 0% control group.LZM activity, NO of head kidney, there was significant difference between the IV group, V group and the 0% control group, two group was no significant difference.LZM activity, NO of spleen, there was significant difference between the IV group,V group VI group and the 0% control group, the three group was no significant difference.To restore the normal oxygen stage, LZM activity and NO content of all groups were continue declined, then gradually returned to normal levels, there was significant difference between the III,IV,V, VI,VII group with the 0% control group(P<0.05), the groups was no significant difference.At 0 h hypoxia stress, with adding Ala-Gln and GABA to the feed promoted the larval, head kidney, spleen and liver pancreas HSP90 mRNA relative expression were higher than that of the 0% control group, and V group of liver pancreas,IV group,V group of spleen, III group,IV group,V group of head kidney were significantly higher than that of the 0% control group(P<0.05). At 8 h hypoxia stress, head kidney, spleen and liver pancreas HSP90 mRNA relative expression were adding than 0 h hypoxia stress, with adding Ala-Gln and GABA to the feed promoted the larval, head kidney,spleen and liver pancreas HSP90 mRNA relative expression were significantly higher than that of the 0% control group(P<0.05), the highest was the IV group,V group.At 10.5 h normoxia, head kidney, spleen and liver pancreas HSP90 mRNA relative expression were declined than 8 h hypoxia stress, with adding Ala-Gln and GABA to the feed promoted the larval, head kidney, spleen and liver pancreas HSP90 mRNA relative expression were higher than that of the 0% control group, and IV group of spleen, V group of head kidney, III group, IV group of liver pancreas were significantly higher than that of the 0% control group(P<0.05).Under the current conditions, Adding Ala-Gln and GABA to the feed promoted the larval growth performance, immunity and resistance to hypoxia stress. There are significant difference of all Ala-Gln and GABA supplementation groups. On the premise of as far as possible to reduce the production cost, the suitable Ala-Gln and GABA adding group is the 60% group with 3.6 g/kg Ala-Gln and 54 mg/kg GABA had the best effects.