Effects Of Phosphorus Application On Grain Yield, Accumulation And Distribution Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium In Waxy Maize

The trial was conducted in Experimental Farm of Yangzhou University in 2013-2014. The effects of phosphorus (P) application on grain yield and accumulation and distribution of plant nitrogen (N), P and potassium (K) of waxy maize were studied using Suyunuo5 and Yunuo7 as test materials. The results observed that the grain yield was increased with the increment of P amount and was highest when P2O5 150kg hm-2 was applied. Compared with the application of P2O5 150kg hm-2 as basal fertilizer, applied it separately (P2O5 75 kg hm-2 as basal and 75 kg hm"2 as topdressing) had no influence on Yunuo7, while the yield was higher for Suyunuo5 in 2014 and the value was similar in 2013 between two treatments. Compared with blank, applied P2O5 150kg hm-2 increased yield about 1000 kg hm"2 for both varieties.The plant dry matter accumulation was increased with the increment of total P amount. Compared with the application of P2O5 150kg hm-2 as basal fertilizer, applied it separately (P2O5 75 kg hm-2 as basal and 75 kg hm-2 as topdressing) had no influence on Yunuo7, while the dry matter accumulation amount for Suyunuo5 was higher in 2014 and lower in 2013 when applied it separated. The results of regression analysis observed that increase the dry matter accumulation at heading stage and after pollination, and distribution percentage was higher in stem and lower in leaf and sheath at maturity were in favour of higher yield.The plant N accumulation was increased with the increment of total P amount. Compared with the application of P2O5 150kg hm-2 as basal fertilizer, applied it separately (P2O5 75 kg hm-2 as basal and 75 kg hm-2 as topdressing) accumulated low N for Yunuo7, while the value for Suyunuo5 was higher in 2014 and lower in 2013 when applied it separated. The results of regression analysis observed that increase the N accumulation at each stage, and distribution percentage was higher in cob and lower in bract and sheath at maturity were in favour of higheryield.The plant P accumulation was increased with the increment of total P amount for Suyunuo5, while the value for Yunuo7 in response to P application was different among different sowing dates. Compared with the application of P2O5 150 kg hm-2 as basal fertilizer, applied it separately (P2O5 75 kg hm-2 as basal and 75 kg hm-2 as topdressing) accumulated higher P for Yunuo7, while the value for Suyunuo5 was higher in 2014 and lower in 2013 when applied it separated. The results of regression analysis observed that increase the P accumulation at heading stage and after pollination, and distribution percentage was lower in bract and grain at maturity were in favour of higher yield.The plant K accumulation was increased with the increment of total P amount. Compared with the application of P2O51 50kg hm-2 as basal fertilizer, applied it separately (P2O5 75 kg hm-2 as basal and 75 kg hm-2 as topdressing) accumulated more K for Yunuo7, while the value for Suyunuo5 was higher in 2014 and lower in 2013 when applied it separated. The results of regression analysis observed that increase the K accumulation at the seedling stage and heading stage, and distribution percentage was higher in tassel and lower in bract and stem at maturity were in favour of higher yield.P application affected the use efficiency of N, P and K. Under the treatment with highest yield (P2O5 150 kg hm-2), apply the separated have higher N use efficiency and low P use efficiency, while the K use efficiency was higher for Suyunuo5 and lower for Yunuo7. Compared the changes of different parameters, under the similar cultivation conditions, applied P2O5 150 kg hm-2 could get high yield, retro-position the P2O5 could increase the N use efficiency and increase the P accumulation and reduce the enrichment of P in soils.