| This researh is to reveal the inner link between the plasma level of ketone and antioxidant enzyme when cows suffered from ketosis, the investigation the influence of adding procyanidins on oxidative stress status after in early lactation.3 experiments were done:Experiment 1:Researh on ketosis and antioxidant index.32 Holstein cow were selected, they had similar body condition, parity, birth date, feeding and management conditions on a farm in Nanning Area, Dynamic monitoring was done once a week from 1 weeks before the delivery day to 7 weeks postpartum. The parameters were determined included glucose (GLU), blood ketone bodies (KET), free fatty acids (NEFA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), antioxidant enzymes and other parameters. The blood plasma level of ketone body≥10 mg/dL was taken as criteria of ketosis and 32 cows were divided into ketosis experimental group (once the blood ketone content meet the above criteria during the test) and the healthy group, significant difference between 2 groups was analyzed. Experiment 2:The exploring experiments of optimum amount of procyanidins addition.35 cows were randomly selected, they had similar calving date, body condition, parity, they were divided the healthy control group (5 cows),2 adding manner group, each-adding manner group has 15 cows and were divided into 3 groups, each group had 5 cows. Control group did not treat, in adding manner group 1, 100mg,200mg,400mg procyanidins were adminstered orally. In adding manner group 2,10mg,20mg,40mg procyanidins were orally administered per kg body weight. Procyanidins was orally given in both adding manner groups, from calving day for consecutive 15 days. Blood were sampled at the calving day,3,5, 10,15 days postpartum. TAC, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malonaldehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) content were detected. Make a comparative analysis, selected the optimum additive manner and added dose. Experiment 3:Impaction of PC addition on ketones and antioxidant and other biochemical indexs in early lactation cows.28 cows were randomly selected with the similar delivery date, weight, parity (1 to 3 tires) in early lactation (postnatal weeks later), and were divided into two groups of 14 in each group. The test group cattle was given the optimum amount of PC 35 days since the 2nd week postpartum, the control group cattle were not treated. Blood were sampled at the 7th day,14th day,21th day,28th day,35th day (end) after treatment and GLU, KET, NEFA, TAC and other antioxidant indexes were analyzed, a statistically significant difference analysis was done between the two groups.The results:Researh 1, in ketosis cows, plasma KET、NEFA was significantly elevated at 1-4 weeks postpartum (P<0.01), GLU was significantly decreased (P<0.05), plasma TAC and GPX, SOD activity were decreased very significantly (P<0.01), CAT activity, MDA and NO levels were very significantly increased (P<0.01). The correlation analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation (r=-0.182) between KET and NO in ketosis cows; NEFA and SOD showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.189). In healthy cows, KET and CAT was positively correlated (r=0.242), and GPX, SOD was significant negative correlated with KET (r=-0.201; r=-0.296). Researh 2, in adding manner group 1,400 mg was the best. In adding manner group 2, the 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg had same effects, but there was not a significant difference between them (P> 0.05). From practical point,20 mg/kg was taken as the best dose. Researh 3, compared to the control group, plasma TAC, GPX、SOD activity increased very significantly (P<0.01), while the CAT activity and the content of MDA, NO decreased very significantly (P<0.01) in test group; The plasma GLU increased significantly (P<0.05), KET decreased very significantly (P<0.01); drenched initial NEFA were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in test group. The correlation analysis shows that the positive correlation between KET and MDA increased to 0.330; PC add made the negative correlation between NEFA and SOD significant (r=-0.277), and turned the correlation NEFA and MDA from-0.122 to 0.526. After adding PC, the GLU-NEFA negative correlation changed from-0.214 to-0.239; the KET-NEFA positively correlation significantly increased from 0.117 to 0.330.In summary, the plasma MDA and NO, CAT activity was significantly increased, TAC and GPX, SOD activity was significantly decreased when cows suffered from ketosis, ketosis cows suffered severe oxidative stress in early lactation, and the antioxidant level is lower. Adding PC in early lactation showed that PC can effectively improve the antioxidant properties of the cow, and decrease the plasma oxidation products and ketone bodies lever in early lactation cows. |
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