Research Of Intelligent Facilities Multi-functional Seedling Machine

Based on the full investigation of domestic and foreign research status, many problems lie in the seedling production process of domestic vegetable seedling machinery,such as matrix blocks are easy to deformation, single operation, low degree of automation, poor adaption on different seeds, jams, lower sowing positioning accuracy, higher rate of miss-seeding and reseeding. To solve these problems how to develop an intelligent and multi-functional seeding machine for facilities is put forward. This paper mainly includes the following aspects of the related research:Firstly,studies on the physical characteristics of vegetable seeds are carried out. The studies include the shape, geometry size, grain weight and porosity of vegetable seeds, and the results provide foundation for the research of seeding device.Secondly, the overall scheme of intelligent and multi-functional seedling machine is designed with reference to the existing seedling production and the mode of vegetable seedlings. Combining agricultural machinery and agronomy requirements, a series of automatic operation is done in turn such as completing filling soil, compaction, pressure cavity, sowing, cover earth, automatic segmentation loading device, shift, discharge and seedling tray output etc. The PLC(programmable logic controller) programmable control, ARM, photoelectric sensor technology and gas control technology are integrated into the control system. The seedling machine can achieve continuous, high efficiency, precision seeding operation. The structure parameters and performance parameters of the whole machine are determined, and the transmission scheme of the system is calculated and analyzed, then the main parameters of the transmission system are determined.Thirdly,the design of the main working devices are introduced. And the main working devices include filling soil device, compaction device, pressure cavity device, air-suction cylinder seeding device, soil covering device, automatic segmentation loading device and transportation device of nursery tray. This section mainly analyzes the main structure of each device and the key structural parameters influencing the operation performance. Swing angle of the dial plate and stroke of pressing device are determined. And motion parameters of crank rocker mechanism and crank slider mechanism are optimized with MATLAB software. Then with analysis of existing indenting device and sowing device, the indenting device of plate type and gas suction cylinder type seeding device are designed. Then parameters such as stroke of indenting device, specifications of indenting pillars, spring parameters, moving speed of seed box, diameter of cylinder, diameter of suction hole, capacity of covering soil tank and parameters of covering soil pore are determined. A kind of automatic segmentation device is designed by innovation, and working parameters of moving mechanism, segmentation loading mechanism and cutting mechanism are analyzed, then the cavity arrangement and structural parameters are determined.Finally, prototype manufacture and the seeding performance test are carried out in Shandong Huaxing Machinery Ltd. Selecting single-seeding rate, miss-seeding rate, reseeding rate as performance index, with nozzle diameter, vacuum pressure, seed box moving speed as experiment factors, an orthogonal experiment L9(34) on intelligent and multi-functional seedling machine is carried out with cabbage seeds(FENGKANG 70) as test object. The results show that the machine works well and the main performance indexes can reach breeding technique and prototype design requirement.