Selecting And Evaluation Of Special Tea Individual Resources In Shandong Province

Elite and rare germplasm refers to the germplasm resources have excellent and rare characters.It is a innovative germplasm by artificial creating or natural mutation. Selecting and evaluation of special individual resources in Shandong tea region is helpful to select a variety which adapt to local climate and have high quality, as well as have great signficance of improving the competitiveness of the tea and meeting the demand of marketBased on the special leaf color(reddishviolet), special leaf type(new shoot tenderness, suitable for making oolong tea) and cold resistance, a total of 28 special tea individuals were screened from Jiukengzhong, Shuchazao and Huangshanzhong varieties in Taian and Linyi tea region. There are 5 reddishviolet individuals, 5 individuals with special leaf type and 18 with cold resistance. Then analyse those individuals from 4 aspects, including morphological characteristics;biological characteristics;biochemical composition and molecular markers(ISSR)The main results are as follows:1?The reddishviolet individuals derived from Jiukengzhong variety.The 5 individuals showed a significant reddishviolet color in the whole growing season, and with a high anthocyanin content(the average is 0.53% in spring,and the average is 1.09% in summer). The anthocyanin content of JZ2 is 1.79% in summer, which is 10 times of the control(Fuding-dabaicha) over the same period, and also have a high content of tea polyphenols(24.56%), the ratio of polyphenols/amino acids is 10.45. The morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of the 5 individuals is similar to the characteristics of Jiukengzhong, but the calyx color is reddishviolet, and the petal color of JZ1 is pale green, petal color of JZ2 is pale red, the color character is relatively rare.2?The individuals which have special leaf type is from Shuchazao variety.The new shoots of the 5 individuals have a high degree of tenderness, and the characters of leaf width, leaf upper surface is obvious. The ratio of polyphenols/amino acids of JW1 is 7.8,showing that it is suitable for making oolong tea in spring.3?The cold resistance individual is from Huangshanzhong variety introduced in the 60-70 s of last century. After decades of natural selection, and through many big freezing injury, every individual has good cold resistance. At the same time several individual also have a special functional components. LH3 is a rare germplasm with high caffeine content(5.11%). LH6 is a rare germplasm with high amino acids content(5.28%). LH15 is a rare germplasm with high tea polyphenols(26.88%).4?18 ISSR primers were selected. A total of 257 rules were amplified, including 221 polymorphism rules. The polymorphism accounted for 86.0%. The genetic similarity coefficient between 28 special perl plant is from 0.595 to 0.790.The mean Nei's gene diversity(H) and the mean Shannon's information index(I) is 0.3393 and 0.4955.That shows the genetic diversity level was high. By cluster analysis,28 individuals can be divided into 3 groups,and the cold resistant individuals can be divided into two groups, which shows the group has a high genetic diversity.