Environmental Impact Analysis Of Larimichthys Crocea Cage Culture Based On Life Cycle Assessment

With the growing market demand, Larimichthys crocea cage culture has developed rapidly.It has now become the backbone of marine aquaculture, but the attendant pollution of mariculture ecological environment has further increased. Compare to traditional environmental impact analysis only focuing on cage farming pollution, life cycle assessment study resource consumption and waste emissions impact on the ecological environment of Larimichthys crocea cage culture throughout the whole life cycle and seek to improve the environmental impact of the measures.Every aspect of Larimichthys crocea cage culture have a certain impact on the environment, the impact of the entire life cycle on the environment will also increase with the growth of its market demand. Establish a scientific, rational and workable index system and method research for the life cycle assessment of Larimichthys crocea cage culture is very important. In this paper, we study the Larimichthys crocea cage culture evaluation with the life cycle assessment, designed to assess the impact of resource consumption and waste emissions on the environment, and seek measures to improve the environmental impact.By analyzing the actual situation of Larimichthys crocea cage culture in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang, China, we constructed Larimichthys crocea cage culture life cycle assessment models. The frame included goaland scope definition, life cycle inventory(LCI), life cycle impact assessment(LCIA), life cycle interpretation,of which, conducting steps covered that choice, classification, characterization, normalization, weighting of impact category, type indicators and characterization model.Life cycle assessment(LCA)methodology was used to establish an inventory of resource utilization and emission and to further assess environmental impacts of 1000 kg Larimichthys crocea cage culture in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang, China. The results showed that energy consumption of traditional wooden cages and submersible cages are 9230 MJ and 37400 MJ respectively and the significant potential environmental impacts were global warming, acidification, eutrophication,soil toxicity,water toxicity and human toxicity in the two patterns. The potential environmental impact index of the traditional wooden cage culture model were 11.6kg, 4.42 kg, 187 kg, 0.0193 kg, 1.49 kg and 1.32 kg, and the cage aquaculture were 1.66 kg, 1.32 kg, 40.5kg, 0.015 kg, 0.0259 kg and 0.216 kg respectively. The aggregate life cycle environmental impact index of Larimichthys crocea with cage aquaculture was 5.28 in comparison with 24.6 for the traditional cage culture. Eutrophication is the main environmental impact of cage culture and limiting factors, NOx emissions from transport stage and nutrient emissions from aquaculture stage were the main cause of eutrophication. Larimichthys crocea aquaculture of Zhoushan need base on the cage culture model and develop the production and processing of facilities materials and fishery feed. Reduce transportation consumption and emissions of nutrients caused by the feeding is the key to control Larimichthys crocea cage culture environmental impacts.Based on the LCA, a calculation method of carbon footprint for Larimichthys crocea cultivated in the traditional cage and the large—sized current—resistance submerged net cage in Zhoushan was built, which quantified comparison carbon emissions of two kinds of cage culture of 1000 kg Larimichthys crocea and analyzed the main factors in the carbon footprint of each steps. The results showed that: the carbon emissions of traditional Larimichthys crocea cage culture model and the submersible Larimichthys crocea cage culture model of per unit of production were 7.60 × 104 and 1.14 ×104 kg CO2-eq ? t-1 respectively; The main factors of the carbon footprint for two kinds of Larimichthys crocea cage culture is the transport phase, the carbon footprint of this step were 6.71 × 104 and 1.06 × 104 kg CO2-eq ? t-1 respectively, accounting for 88.41%and 92.98 % of the total. CO2 and NOx emissions from stage of transport diesel combustion is a main reason for cage culture carbon emissions. NOx emissions and its equivalency factors are high, its carbon footprint accounted for 77.65% and 99.67 % of total transport stages respectively. From the point of view of the carbon footprint, compared to the plate floating cage culture of Larimichthys crocea mode, the carbon emissions of each stage of submersible cages mode is lesss, which is ignificantly superior.It is an environmentally friendly farming model.