| With the agricultural non-point source pollution problems have become increasingly prominent,farmland pollution is more and more popular,which makes agriculture with high yield nutrient inputs increasing,the use of biological humic acid is the crop production and nutrient balance control(with)one of the important ways to lose.The face of pollution and nutrient chemical fertilizer on the environment caused by the loss of the problem,research on the biological humic acid combined with chemical fertilizer on soil properties and nutrient loss is very necessary,so this paper by pot and indoor soil column leaching experiment,study the biological effects of humic acid fertilizer on crop growth process on soil properties and nutrient leaching.The following main results:(1)The biological humic acid increased the total nitrogen,organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content in the soil,under the same conditions of a large quantity of fertilizer in the soil nutrient content is higher.Under the same fertilization,optimized fertilization and optimized fertilization + biological humic acid in different nutrient contents respectively: The optimized fertilization of total nitrogen is 1.316-1.394g/kg,organic matter is 24.15-32.52g/kg,available nitrogen is 66.50-106.17mg/kg,available phosphorus is 23.13-75.35mg/kg,available potassium is 264.62-328.60mg/kg,optimized fertilization + biological humic acid of total nitrogen is 1.332-1.428g/kg,organic matter is27.55-33.90g/kg,available nitrogen is 66.50-106.17mg/kg,available phosphorus is267.62-350.03mg/kg.In the same biological humic acid amount,optimized fertilization and optimized fertilization reduced 20% + biological humic acid,optimization fertilization reduced 30% + biological humic acid and optimized fertilization reduced 40%+ biological humic acid nutrient contents respectively: optimized fertilization + biological humic acid of total nitrogen is 1.332-1.428g/kg,organic matter is 27.55-33.90g/kg,available nitrogen is 66.50-106.17mg/kg,available phosphorus is 23.29-81.19mg/kg,available potassium is 267.62-350.03mg/kg;optimized fertilization reduced 20% +biological humic acid of total nitrogen is 1.343-1.396g/kg,organic matter is28.20-33.07g/kg,available nitrogen is 68.83-108.50mg/kg,available phosphorus is22.35-81.50mg/kg,available potassium is 270.29-346.78mg/kg;optimized fertilization reduced 30% + biological humic acidd of total nitrogen is 1.290-1.355g/kg,organic matter is 25.25-29.90g/kg,available nitrogen is 53.67-99.75mg/kg,available phosphorus is22.74-74.88mg/kg,available potassium is 263.62-324.71mg/kg;optimized fertilization reduced 40% + biological humic acid of total nitrogen is 1.278-1.364g/kg,organic matteris 24.28-31.55g/kg,available nitrogen is 57.17-112.00mg/kg,available phosphorus is21.79-77.78mg/kg,available potassium is 275.62-324.71mg/kg.(2)Biological humic acid application reduced the soil nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,total nitrogen and soluble phosphorus leaching.Under the same fertilization,the nutrient leaching content of traditional fertilization and traditional fertilization + biological humic acid in: traditional fertilization of nitrate nitrogen is 3.441-12.919mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.417-2.587mg/L,total nitrogen is 3.963-25.358mg/L,soluble phosphorus is0.060-0.140mg/L;traditional fertilization + biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is3.142-12.414mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.347-2.225mg/L,total nitrogen is3.533-25.006mg/L,soluble phosphorus is 0.044-0.141mg/L.At the same dosage of biological humic acid conditions,traditional fertilization,traditional fertilization reduced 20%+ biological humic acid and traditional fertilization reduced 30%+ biological humic acid leaching content respectively:traditional fertilization + biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is 3.142-12.414mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.347-2.225mg/L,total nitrogen is 3.533-25.006mg/L,soluble phosphorus is 0.044-0.141mg/L;traditional fertilization reduced 20%+ biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is 3.019-12.210mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.337-2.032mg/L,total nitrogen is 3.378-24.972mg/L,soluble phosphorus is 0.039-0.129mg/L;traditional fertilization reduced 30%+ biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is 2.833-12.191mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.326-1.931mg/L,total nitrogen is 3.201-24.643mg/L,soluble phosphorus is 0.036-0.125mg/L.(3)The biological humic acid application could promote the growth of crops,can reduce the amount of fertilizer production.In pot experiment,the yield of rape in the treatment of optimized fertilization + biological humic acid and optimized fertilization reduced 20%+ biological humic acid showed a growth trend is close,and the nutrient content in the soil is relatively close,excessive application of fertilizers have a detrimental effect on soil properties and environment,optimized fertilization + biological humic acid of total nitrogen is 1.332-1.428g/kg,organic matter is 27.55-33.90g/kg,available nitrogen is 66.50-106.17mg/kg,available phosphorus is 267.62-350.03mg/kg;optimized fertilization reduced 20% + biological humic acid of total nitrogen is1.343-1.396g/kg,organic matter is 28.20-33.07g/kg,available nitrogen is68.83-108.50mg/kg,available phosphorus is 22.35-81.50mg/kg,available potassium is270.29-346.78mg/kg.In the indoor soil column leaching experiment,the traditional fertilization than traditional fertilization reduced 20%+ biological humic acid nutrient leaching solution,traditional fertilization + biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is 3.142-12.414mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is0.347-2.225mg/L,total nitrogen is 3.533-25.006mg/L,soluble phosphorus is0.044-0.141mg/L;traditional fertilization reduced 20%+ biological humic acid of nitrate nitrogen is 3.019-12.210mg/L,ammonium nitrogen is 0.337-2.032mg/L,total nitrogen is3.378-24.972mg/L,soluble phosphorus is 0.039-0.129mg/L.In the case of a large number of nutrient leaching can reduce the chemical fertilizer,conducive to the prevention of environmental pollution and economic losses,from the result of chemical fertilizer to reduce the amount of control in 20% will not cause soil nutrient supply and economic crop production. |
