Influence Of Noise On Construction Workers' Safety Attitude In Space-Constrained Work Environment

Human beings' factors are the main reason of accidents.Among them,construction workers' attitude towards safety plays an important role in the smooth implementation of the project.Today,more and more projects are restrained by the spatial resources.Compared with the ordinary work,they are more complex and more likely to affect the main core of project-the construction workers by making their physiology and psychological condition change and then affecting their attitude towards safety and the safety accidents.At present,most of the related studies focused on the direct influence of noise on safety attitude,and this research replenishes the blank about how the noise influences safety attitude through impacting physiological and psychological condition.At the same time,this study is in the special situation of space-constrained environment,so the research results are more targeted to the subway,tunnel and other space-constrained projects.It is beneficial to enhance the safety control ability of the space-constrained project and it provides the theoretical basis for improving the working conditions of space-constrained work environment.First of all,this study found that noise is one of the most important factors in the space-constrained working environment which affect the attitude towards safety of the construction personnel.Then I selected physical ability difference to reflect the physiological condition,and I chose attention,subjective fatigue,risk appetite to reflect the psychological condition.From above,I built five intermediary path in theory,and then studied how the environmental factor-noise influences attitude towards safety by influencing the physical ability difference,attention,subjective fatigue and risk appetite through the design and implementation of the experiment.The study found that the greater the noise is,the worse the workers' attitude towards safety becomes.Experiments verified that physical ability difference,subjective fatigue and risk appetite of the theoretical model is mediating variables in the process of noise's effect on attitude towards safety.Working in the noisier environment,physical ability difference declines more.The more physical ability difference declines,the worse attitude towards safety is.The stimulation of noise reduces the degree of subjective fatigue,leading to a decline in attitude towards safety.There is much unconscious goals priming in the enterprise nowadays,so the difference of unsafe behavioral intention between high risk appetite and low risk appetite is not big.Besides high risk appetite relates to good capability of cognitive,emotions and reactivity,which can positively influence the attitude towards safety.Under the noisier environment,the risk appetite of the workers decreases,so the attitude towards safety decreases.In the meantime,study showed that there is an ordinal intermediary effect between risk appetite and subjective fatigue.Higher risk appetite can positively influence the workers' subjective perception degree of fatigue.When workers are aware of physical fatigue accurately,they will become more alert to job security.The high noise reduces the risk appetite level of the construction staff,then the subjective awareness of fatigue declines,therefore,the safety attitude is decreased.In addition,experimental studies have also found that educational background has a moderating effect as noise influences the workers' attitude towards safety.Also the temperature and educational background can respectively moderate the mediating effect of physical ability difference and subjective fatigue.At the end of the paper,each mediating variable's effect value is computed and compared in turn,among which greater decline of physical ability and more interference of individual subjective awareness of physical fatigue in the noisier environment is the main paths of mediation effects.