Numerical Study Of Building Fire And Occupants Evacuation Based On BIM Technology

Fire brings the progress of human civilization,light and warmth.However,every coin has two sides,once fire is out of control,great catastrophe may occur.Building fire often causes many casualties and economic losses,and it will affect economic development and social stability.Evacuation drills is applied to study building occupant evacuation,the result of evacuation drills is always affected by some factors,i.e.fear,cost and time consuming,which would lead to large error.Comparing with evacuation drills,numerical simulation is safer and cost lesser than drills.Numerical postprocessing can observe the laws of fire development,and occupant evacuation paths.BIM model integrates the information in the building whole lifecycle,including design phase,construction phase and operational phase.It can provide analytical model for fire and occupant evacuation simulation.Based on BIM technology,this dissertation mainly studied the teaching building fire and occupants evacuation,proposed a new occupants evacuation considering the spread of smoke.The main research is detailed as following:(1)The concept and main features of BIM technology are expounded,the development and basic framework of IFC are analyzed and discussed,and the classification and use range of BIM related software are compared and introduced.Based on visual programming platform Dynamo,completed BIM core model of teaching building.(2)Imported BIM core model to BIM series software Pyrosim,and numerically studied the building fire.The rules of smoke spread is obtained,the escape route blocking time is got by the smoke monitoring points.(3)Pathfinder analytical model is obtained by BIM core model.Building occupants evacuation simulation considering route blocking is done to study the personnel congestion.Based on the results of calculation,an occupants evacuation plan was proposed.(4)Compiled a program to transfer Pathfinder evacuation data to Revit core model through Dynamo.Embodied the features of BIM model integrating information in the whole life cycle of building.