The Inheritance And Development Of Participatory Urban Design Methods Under The Background Of "Internet-plus" Era

This dissertation begins with a review of the theories,methods and practices of participatory urban design both at home and abroad,and points out the lack of cognitive height,breadth of application and practical depth for public participation in China’s urban design.At the same time,it also reveals the necessity of introducing multi-stakeholder participation in urban design under the trend towards shifting focus from increment to inventory of urban construction in China.As well as in the context of ’Internet+’,the new environment of network data and media brings more possibilities to the expansion of urban design participation approach,on which basis,the author launches a study on the inheritance and development of participatory urban design methods.First of all,through the in-depth analysis of the various stakeholders,design phases and project scales of urban design,the research clarifies the problems of ’which stakeholders need to participate in,what phases are suitable for participation,how to participate at different project scales’,to build a framework of application conditions for urban design.Among which,the multiple stakeholders mainly include government agencies,local residents,design teams,developers and builders,expert advisors and commonweal organizations;the whole design process is chiefly divided into earlier survey,mid-term research and later decision-making phases;the diverse project scales basically cover regional-city level,district level and land parcel level.Then,the author sums up numerous domestic and foreign urban design cases which she personally involved in,or conducted field visits to,or collected through literature reading,into three categories,namely’Information and data collection,Urban environment simulation and Interactive communication platform’,with a total of fifteen kinds of urban design participation methods.Based on the nine traditional methods including ’questionnaire,interview,participant observation,cognitive map,visioning card,layout game,open house,public meeting and thematic event’,the author expands six emerging approaches with the "Internet+" concept,which consists of ’web data mining,mobile terminal tracking,virtual reality,digital city,social media and public participation GIS’,Each method is elaborated in conjunction with empirical cases,and summarized its applicability and limitation in the framework of application conditions for participatory urban design.Finally,these fifteen specific methods and the framework of application conditions are integrated to build a ’participatory urban design toolbox’,as a selection reference for different scenarios of urban design.As an extension of thinking,the author reviews the values of participatory design for project practices and makes recommendations on the working methods and participatory processes of future urban design.