Ecological Planning Method Research Based On "Biotope"

Since the world has entered the ecological civilization,Europe and the United States have gradually recognized that biodiversity is as important as environmental material recycling,with extensive research of the biological process.Even they began to think that biology should be the research subject of ecological system.After all,the biology can provide ecological restoration ability to environment,as which is in the stable condition.In all,"Biodiversity conservation" has become the current trend of ecological planning.However,at present,China's ecological planning is mainly focused on the ecological function and environmental process research,for example,we always distribute land use by ecological suitability analysis method,ignoring the conservation of biodiversity ontology.Aimed at this problem,this thesis analyzes the trend and experience of the evolution of ecological planning methods at home and abroad by using ontology methodology,fingding that the "biotope" ontology around the biological protection is the best ecological planning method ontology,and applying biotope units is more helpful to understand ecological function,ecological process and ecological structure.Based on that,Concentrating on the the three core contents of ecological function,process and structure in the operation mechanism of urban and rural ecological space,the thesis conducts the study of biotope ontology theory,to explore the spatial cognition of urban and rural ecological system.In addition,to explore the urban and rural human disturbance caused by the lack of urban and rural natural ecological space as the guide,And then the thesis takes the problem of urban and rural natural ecological space lacking caused by urban and rural human disturbance as a guide,protects and repairs natural ecological processes and ecological environment as a criterion,and uses geographic information systems(GIS)database and information simulation technology as a tool,to explore the ecological planning method system with the applying of "biotope" ontology.The main contents include:First,the thesis builds an urban and rural ecological database,based on the basic cognitive unit,biotope unit.And applying the Numerical simulation of ecological space,such as elevation simulation,vegetation simulation and hydrological simulation,to identify the biotpe units and potential biotpe units as “functional groups”.Second,Applying Ecosystem ecology,population ecology,to identify the focus species in different biotopes.Furthermore,based on the movement of the focus species,the thesis analyzes the movement process of various types of focus species,combining with the experience of landscape ecology and landscape ecological planning methods.Based on the above,the thesis constructs the ideal habitat network structure composed of "biotope sources-biotope corridor-biotope stepping stone",and uses the environmental process to revise the biotope networks.Finally,This thesis explores the methods of repairing and using urban and rural ecological space,with the guidance on the composition of natural biotope units.And it combines the social,economic and human factors,to control the ecological construction of towns with the ecological background space.In order to make up the domestic ecological planning method,which has not focused on the related ontology research of biodiversity conservation,with applying the domestic and foreign ecological planning methods and related ecology theories,the thesis sovles the problem of urban and rural ecological space fragmentation,pathological change and other issues,which contributes to the realization of the ideal of "biotope self-maintenance" to "biotope natural work",provides the theoretical and practical basis for material space security,and promotes the improvement of ecological planning system on the basis of ecological function,ecological process and ecological structure.