Design And Research Of Cutter And Tools Of The Underground Pipeline Excavator

With the increasingly development of urbanization and improvement of infrastructure,the requirements of space utilization are constantly improved.The pipeline of gas and drainage that laying in the underground is more and more intensive.At present,the process of laying pipeline is also employed the method of destructing the original road surface.This way not only destroy the quality of original road but also lead to traffic jams and environmental pollution,for this reason,the non-excavation equipment is gained the attention of government and relevant industries.At present,there are mainly three kinds of non-excavation equipment,including shield machine,pipe jacking and horizontal guide drilling,but they have given application in specific fields.Based on the above reason,in this paper,a small excavator for laying pipes in the underground is raised,the equipment is composed of cutting system,sediment transport system,driving and controlling system.The cutting system is classified as the execution system,and the cutter is the key component of cutting system.In the process of tunneling,the load needed for driving cutter would determine the size of drive device and the other system directly,so,in this paper,the methods of design and research cutterhead are carried on,the main purpose is decreasing the cutter load,further,achieve the goal.In this paper,firstly,the design and research of cutter and tool are carried on to gain the best disk plate structure and the most optimal structural parameters of cutter-tools by the static analysis and dynamic simulation.Secondly,the research of cutter-tool layout method is carried on,and a cutter-tool layout method is put forward based on the single-Fermat spiral,then,built two different three-dimensional structural models based on single-Fermat spiral and Archimedes spiral respectively.Based on the knowledge of soil mechanics,the estimation model of thrust and torque is established,and calculate the torque and thrust of two different layout methods.Through the comparison,we gained that Fermat spiral arrangement of total thrust and total drive torque are small.Finally,through the finite element numerical analysis method,using the optimal tool parameters and cutting parameters,based on single Fermat spiral and the Archimedes spiral layout method,we draw the conclusion that based on single Fermat spiral arrangement method of cutter have smaller torque,these proved that new cutter layout method can achieve the purpose of load reduction,and provide the reference for non-excavation equipment of small diameter.