Study On Planning Of Emergency Shelter Site

In recent years,major disaster and accident have occurred to China.On the condition that it is difficult to quickly improve the resilience of housing construction and lifeline facilities,through the rational planning and construction of disaster prevention and shelter,the capacity of urban disaster prevention and reduction can be rapidly increased.To meet the needs of the number of refugees,the layout of a reasonable place of refuge system is an important disaster prevention infrastructure,which has a very important significance to the normal operation and development of the city.The mobile positioning and social network sign-in data are used to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of urban population,and the number of evacuated persons is estimated.Based on the hierarchical characteristics of the planning and decision-making of the shelter,an optimization model of the evacuation site layout based on bi-level programming is proposed.The traditional static evacuation number estimates,has been unable to meet the requirements of urban shelter planning.The data and rules about dynamic population changes are helpful to accurately estimate the major emergency evacuation needs,and then the urban shelter system can reasonably be planned and built.To obtain positioning and social network sign-in data,the dynamic distribution of urban population is obtained respectively,combined with the estimation procedures and methods about the number of emergency evacuees and number of fixed given in the relevant national standards,which provides a basis for rational planning and construction of evacuation sites.The existing model of evacuation site location mainly considers the construction cost,evacuation efficiency and fairness of the evacuation system from the government point of view.The model constraints do not fully comply with the actual requirements of the standard and planning,and do not consider the evacuation personnel demand.The bilevel programming model is established by considering the hierarchy of government and evacuees.In the upper model,the government chooses the least number and more suitable shelter in consideration of the time and cost.In the lower model,the evacuees choose refuge from the evacuation site with short distance and large capacity according to the government planning shelter.The model is solved by LINGO11.0 software,and the applicability of the model is verified by an example.The model takes into account the overall situation,better reflects the actual planning situation and obtains the overall optimal planning result from the whole angle.