Effects Of Hole Transport Layer And Electron Transport Layer On The Performance Of Perovskite Solar Cells

In recent years,with the environmental pollution and energy crisis worse and worse,it is imperative to find renewable energy sources that can be used continuously.The solar energy which is clean and renewable has become one of the most promising clean energy sources.The solar cells,as a device converting solar energy into electrical energy,have been a hot spot in the field of energy research.Recently,remarkable progress about photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cell has been made,causing serious concern of many researchers.Despite this,perovskite solar cells still have some problems.the stability of perovskite solar cells is not very good and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cell prepared by low-temperature solution method should be further improved.Perovskite materials containing lead and other heavy metals are still harmful to the human body and so on.In this paper,the efficiency and stability of the perovksite solar cell are mainly discussed.The main contents are as follows:Firstly,the development history,current situation,basic principle and performance parameters of the perovskite solar cell are described,and the significance of the research is also explained,which proposed a new method to enhance the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells.Then,we fabricated ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/Ag perovskite solar cells by low temperature solution method.Cu InS₂ as a hole transport layer was prepared by the precursor solution method.The ITO/CuInS₂ film and ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite film were systematically studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy?SEM?,atomic force microscopy?AFM?,X-ray diffraction?XRD?and UV-Vis spectroscopy.The morphology and optical properties of the films were further investigated.The effects of morphology,thickness and photoelectric properties of perovskite solar cells were analyzed.Our experimental results show that the performance of solar cells is optimized when the Cu InS₂ thin films are spin-coated twice,and the open-circuit voltage reaches 0.76 V under AM1.5 100mW/cm²,and the short–c ircuit current density reached 9.92 mA/cm²,the fill factor was 70%,and the highest photoelectric conversi on efficiency was 5.3%.Therefore,this paper presents an effective way to prepare perovskite solar cells by low temperature solution method.Based on the study of ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/Ag perovskite solar cells,we have add the electron transport layer PCBM,and further studied the performance and stability of the ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag perovksite solar cells in the atmospheric environment.As a comparison,ITO/PH1000/Al₂O₃/perovskite/PCBM perovskite solar cells were also prepared.The preparation of two kinds of perovskite solar cells and performance tests are carried out in the air.The morphology and photoelectric properties of the perovskite solar cells were further analyzed by SEM,UV-Vis,steady-state fluorescence spectra and J-V curves of the solar cells.The result show that the ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag perovskite solar cells have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and better stability.Although ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag perovskite solar cells have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency than ITO/PH1000/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag perovskite solar cells in the atmospheric environment.However,the efficiency of ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag solar cell is still low?8.49%?,which may be due to the electron transport layer.In order to improve the efficiency of the solar cell,we improved the structure of the cell,add the ZnO electron transport layer,the PCBM/ZnO layer.The morphology and photoelectric properties of the cells were systematically analyzed by SEM,UV-Vis,XRD and J-V curve.It was found that the addition of Zn O layer could enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of ITO/CuInS₂/Al₂O₃/perovksite/PCBM/Ag perovskite solar cells,which was mainly due to the reason that ZnO improves the efficiency of extracting electrons and therefore reduced the recombination of electrons and holes.Finally,the future development of perovskite solar cells and its prospects are summarized.