Research On Optimal Sensor Placement Of Health Monitoring For The Gymnasium Building

Construction of the large-span space structure are recognized as an important indicator of a nation's level of architectural technique,which are widely used in various large stadiums,theaters,convention exhibition center,airport terminal,and etc.These kinds of architecture have long lifespan and surely there will be huge losses of life and property and disastrous consequences in extreme cases if security problem occurs during structure's using stage.To guarantee the security of engineering structures during construction and normal service stages,health monitoring methods of the structure should be adopted for the large-span space structure.The health monitoring of major engineering structures has become a hot issue over the world.To take the health monitoring project of gymnasium of New District of Haihu in Xining as an example,based on the improved particle swarm algorithm,which is an intelligent optimization algorithm,the position of strain sensor and acceleration sensor can be optimized by choosing different fitness function.This method is expected to provide as a reference for the establishment of health monitoring system for the large-span space structure.Optimal sensor placement criteria and four kinds of typical sensor placement optimization method is firstly introduced in which the stochastic method has the advantage of high computational efficiency and adaptation of fast convergence and it has developed greatly in the research of sensor placement.Then according to the comparison of the algorithm,this paper focuses on the introduction of a kind of advanced stochastic optimization algorithm—improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.Realize the optimization by simulating the migration and aggregation in the process of birds foraging and theoretical criterion of sensor layout based on energy is transformed into a program module that can be used.The article also introduces the core algorithm code.The program can determine optimal placement of strain sensors and acceleration sensors based on the mode of vibration information in the structural health monitoring system.Finally,the method is applied to the health monitoring project of the gymnasium,and the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Method for optimizing spatial structure sensor layout based on the improved particle swarm algorithm is simple,easy to operate,stable,and converged quickly and is of feasibility to some extent.(2)The placement of the sensor is symmetrical.As the stadium,whose structure form and load distribution are symmetrical,belongs to the double-layer reticulated shell structure,thus the optimal sensor placement obtained also has certain symmetry,which verify the rationality of the method to a certain extent.(3)The layout of the sensor has the feature of succession.,that is,sensor placement of large number contains sensor placement of small number in the case of the number of vibration modes unchanged.(4)Optimal placement of strain sensors and acceleration sensors obtained reflects the static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the structure and that verifies the effectiveness of this method.(5)Compared with the traditional particle swarm algorithm,improved particle swarm algorithm enhance the searching efficiency of finding the optimal value by algorithm and has faster convergence speed,and stable performance by adjusting the parameters such as the inertia weight and acceleration constant.(6)It has a certain rationality to determine the main contribution mode to the vibration of the space structure according to the size of strain energy,thus gained modal order involved in the calculation in the sensor layout problems.