A Brief History Of Architectural Development In Mongolia (300BC-AD2012)

Every country, every nation has its own unique historical events and culturalfeatures, when its time to define them, it varies from elements of time, culturalheritage, landscape, language and traditions. Mongolia, too, like many other ethnicgroups in Central Asia, stumbled through a long historical process of forming itsown unique history and culture.Central Asia is one of the oldest and richest when it comes to ancient humanactivity, Central Asia has a lot of valuable archaeological sites that range from timesof the Huns, Rouran, Uighur and Liao dynasty. There are large number of ancientcity ruins and buildings on the vast steppes of Mongolia that are over1500years old,also there are rich Tibetan Buddhist buildings heritages, and cultural sites which arerare in other parts of Asia. Therefore, this paper will pave a way to the history of thegreat Mongolia grasslands in different periods of its history, and summarizes theresults and its significance. The introduction part has three main parts, intro, maincontent, and conclusion.Introduction section includes: paper research background, purpose andmeaning, Research topics related to the main content, the main research methods.The main content includes the following four building development process inMongolian grasslands and its analysis.(1) An Architectural formation period:300BC-AD1206. Analysis andformation of the original human social system, activity area and forms of residentialstructures. Mongolian ethnic ghettos and simultaneous analysis of formation anddevelopment of the ancient cities in Mongolia and it's building conditions.(2) Architectural flourishing period: AD1206-1921. Formed from multipleethnic Mongolian tribes, the Great Mongol Empire established history of urbandevelopment and construction of cities during the14th century, and their mainbuilding formation was traditional Mongolian yurts. Tibetan Lamaism developmentand its architectural forms are seen on many Mongolian architectures, also there aremany traditional Mongolian structural and decorative features in those buildings. Toexplore the architectural development of the Mongols during the Great MongolEmpire period and early20th century; one must study the basic social formation,life style, and Mongolian cultural origins on different levels.(3) Architectural culture upheaval period: AD1921-1950. After World War Imajor social changes were introduced to Mongolia, and during that timeUlaanbaatar's urban and architectural developments had achieved modern urbanplanning concepts and architectural forms with the help of Chinese and former Soviet union aids. The Sino-Mongolian cooperation in the construction industryalso contributed large part to the modernization of Mongolian architecturedevelopment process during the later half of20th century.(4) Mongolian construction of a new concept thought formation: AD1950-2012. With the help of the former Soviet Union, Ulaanbaatar have been carried outlarge-scale urban construction, and as social and economic recovery, there were alarge number of modern-style building constructions completed. Most of thesearchitectures are built with neo-Classical forms and some of them are still inexcellent conditions today. Through the analysis of the situation in each period thispaper will summarize and thus lay the basic formation ground of architecturalhistory of Mongolia.