Study On Extraction Of Oil From Sturgeon And Its Intervention Of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)includes a spectrum of hepatic pathology that resembles alcohol-induced liver disease but develops in individuals who are not heavy drinkers.But the exact pathogenesis of NAFLD remains poorly understood which resulted in a lack of effective drugs for NAFLD treatment.Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(ω-3 PUFA)is widespread in many kinds of fish products and oil products type of fatty acid with important physiological functions nutrients,such as lowering blood lipid levels,improving cardiovascular function,reducing systemic inflammation,etc,which including octadecadienoic acid(α-linolenic acid,ALA),eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)..Recently studies found that ω-3 PUFA has positive intervention effect of NAFLD,can improve lipid metabolism,reduce liver cell damage.Sturgeon,is the earth’s oldest and most primitive species with the shark.And it is the largest and oldest freshwater fish in the individual,which with high economic and scientific value.With the artificial propagation and breeding technology of Sturgeon have been successful,the sturgeon farming has made remarkable achievements in our country.The sturgeon aquaculture production and breeding area have been increasing year by year.Generally speaking,the polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil are higher than the average terrestrial flora and fauna,so it is necessary to carry out the research of extracting oil from the waste of sturgeon.The sturgeon aquaculture has developed rapidly in the Yangtze River basin,Hubei Province,so we consider to extract oil from the waste of sturgeon,which will be used to study the effect of the intervention of NAFLD.Part Ⅰ: An enzymatic hydrolysis method to extract oil from sturgeon was used.The results showed that the best extraction efficiency was obtained at amount of enzyme 2500U/g,time 2 hours,temperature55℃,pH7,the ratio of water to material is 1:1.The oil yield was 82.94% under these conditions;and Identified the fatty acid composition of sturgeon oil: ΣSFA was 23.56%,ΣMFA was 39.97%,Σn-3 PUFA was 12.55%,Σn-6 PUFA 23.19%.Part Ⅱ: The sturgeon oil attenuated NAFLD in micePurpose: High fat and cholesterol diet feed C57BL/6J male mice,to establish the animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,observe ω-3 PUFA attenuated NAFLD in mice.Methods: 80 C57BL/6J male mice randomly divided into six groups: normal group(CON),normal fish oil group(FOCON),normal sturgeon oil group(SFCON),high fat diets group(HFD),fish oil intervention group(FO),sturgeon oil intervention group(SF).High in fat feeding way is adopted to establish the mice model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.24 weekend testing rats serum glucose and glucose tolerance,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)levels,cereal third transaminase(ALT),aspertate aminotransferase(AST).Liver tissue specimens of paraffin slice to H&E staining.Results:There is no significant difference in three normal groups of mice,indicating that there is no regulation in sturgeon fish oil and fish oil in normal diet;the biochemical indexes in HFD group were significantly higher than the normal groups,and two groups of fish oil intervention has significant improvement.&E dyeing can be observed clearly HFD group of rat liver cells obviously steatosis,and exist in door district lobular inflammatory cell infiltration,and two groups of fish oil intervention are obviously improved.Real-time PCR showed that HFD group has a significant change with CON group in the expression of innflammatory factors in the cell,the genes related to cholesterol metabolism and lipid metabolism;and and two groups of fish oil intervention are obviously improved,which shows that they can alleviate fatty liver in micein different ways.Conclusions:(1)Sturgeon fish oil and fish oil have no interventionin a normal diet.(2)HFD can cause serious liver steatosis,causing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,and the sturgeon fish oil and fish oil intervention can have obvious improvement effect.(3)Compared with the sea fish oil,sturgeon fish oil for NAFLD intervention effect is not as well as sea fish oil.But the sturgeon fish oil has the advantages of low cost,environmental protection,large quantity,so we can consider the sturgeon fish oil as a substitute sea fish oil to relieve and treat NAFLD.