Study On The Effect Of Laser Melting Coupled Bionic Forms On The Wear Resistance Of Rolling Guide

As a powerfully manufacturing country,China put forward the ‘Made in China 2025’ strategy.Developing high-precision and efficiency machine tools enhances the overall level of basic support manufacturing.Rolling rails have higher accuracy,better friction coefficient and precision than sliding rails.The surface of rolling guide appears the cracks and fatigue peeling under the action of the reciprocating and circular fatigue stress.It poses a threat for the guide to keeping the accuracy and wear resistance.Once the guide invalids,it is difficult to be repaired.Using the bionic and laser hardening technology which combined the bionic effect with laser surface treatment is a new research direction to enhance the surface’s wear resistance and increase durability.(1)In this paper,several biological characteristics were simulated and designed several guide samples with different patterns but the same strengthen areas,which was processed on the surface of the guide samples by laser melting technology.Friction and wear tests were carried out.Objective to do this experiment is to explore the mechanism how the bionic patterns impress the guide’s properties and the discrepancy between various bionic forms.(2)Using elastic hysteresis theory to analyze the effect of coupled bionic technique on improving the performance of materials.The recovery resistance of the surface compression zone of HT250 treated by laser melting is about 1/3 of the untreated material.This shows that laser melting technology can effectively reduce the mechanical loss of materials caused by elastic hysteresis in rolling process and improve the wear resistance of the material.(3)Designed the friction and wear test bench and the coupled bionic guide block specimens were experimented on it.Imitating the actual machine tool guide rail,designing and setting up the reciprocating friction experiment table which has high experiment efficiency and outstanding experiment variable conditions control ability.Four fatigue wear tests were in progress,and the cumulative wear times reached 1.68×106 times.(4)Using X-ray diffraction,Scanning electron microscope,Micro hardness tests and 3D optical profilometer to analyze the experiment results.It has been found that the pearlite with lower hardness and larger gap changed into acicular martensite and a small amount of austenite with a large hardness and fine microstructure in the sample block with laser melting.Moreover,there is some difference between the surface hardness and the average arithmetic height of the surface contour ‘Sa’ of the bionic blocks.(5)The experimental results show that the bionic morphology has an important effect on the wear resistance of the material surface.There is a certain difference among the same laser-reinforced area of the coupling bionic guide specimen block on anti-wear resistance;The brick wall unit which imitated the pearl layer of intertidal shellfish’s longitudinal profile and the honeycomb unit which imitated by Bee honeycomb have anti-wear ability prominently.