Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis,Neuro Protective Effect Of Phospholipid And Triglyceride From Viscera Of Pacific Saury(Cololabis Saira)

Pacific saury?Cololabis saira?belong to Jawfish head,bamboo saury family,and it is the only fish of the saury,at the same time,it is one of the most important edible fish.It is a very common edible fish in East Asia.The saury is a cold waterborne superficial migratory fish that gathers at the cold and warm current junction,with a suitable temperature range of 10-20 ° C and an optimum water temperature of 15-18 ° C.The life cycle of saury is shorter,usually about two years.The saury is mainly distributed in the North Pacific,with the main fishing season for the fall of each year.In recent decades,the catching of saury has been increasing in various countries.The main fishing countries and regions are Japan,China Taiwan,Korea,Russia and so on.Mainland China has also increased catches for saury since 2012.Saury is nutritious,rich in amino acids,fatty acids and minerals.Its viscera in the lipid content is particularly high.In this study,the saury was captured in the northern Pacific in autumn,and the viscera were taken as the object of study.The triglycerides and phospholipids were extracted from them.The qualitative and quantitative determination of the fatty acids and phospholipids were detected,and the related research such as the activity of improve Alzheimer of phospholipids was studied.The main research contents are as follows:?1?Super critical carbon dioxide and traditional organic solvent extraction were used to extract phospholipids and triglycerides from the viscera of saury.The chemical properties of extracts of two methods including acid value,peroxide value and iodine value were studied.The qualitative and quantitative analysis of their fatty acid composition was carried out.The results showed that there was an extremely significant difference in acid value and peroxide value between SC-CO₂ and organic solvent-extracted?p <0.01?.There was a significant difference in iodine content between two triglycerides?p <0.05?,and has no significant difference between two phospholipids?p> 0.05?.All triglycerides meet refined primary fish oil standards of SCT 3502-2000.All phospholipids meet Lecithin?Phospholipids,Phospholipids;INS No.322?i??.For SC-CO₂ extracted triglyceride,the saturated fatty acid?SFA?,monounsaturated fatty acid?MUFA?and polyunsaturated fatty acid?PUFA?were 26.91%,39.01% and 34.08% of total fatty acids?TFA?,respectively.For the extraction of organic solvents,the contents of UFA,MUFA and PUFA were 24.22%,46.31% and 29.46% respectively.The EPA?C20: 5n3??66.05 ± 1.89 and 47.71 ± 1.77 mg / g?and DHA?C22: 6n3??82.30 ± 3.58 and 67.43 ± 4.95 mg / g?were the main polyunsaturated fatty acids.SC-CO₂ extraction of triglyceride fatty acid composition seems better.The contents of SFA,MUFA and PUFA in the extracted phospholipids of two methods contained 5,4 and 4 kinds respectively,accounting for 40.23% and 38.05%,7.31% and 7.57%,52.46% and 54.37% of the total fatty acids respectively.The total amount of EPA of phospholipids was 8.61% in SC-CO₂ method,and 8.95% in organic solvents method,the total amount of DHA was 42.27% and 43.82%.The overall fatty acids composition of the phospholipids was close to each other.Perhaps due to the two methods are essentially using ethanol as an extraction media,the properties of extracts are more similar.The contents of DHA and EPA in PC?phosphatidylcholine?and PE?phosphatidylethanolamine?were 8.47% and 2.75%,7.43% and 3.24% of total fatty acids respectively.?2?The Pacific saury viscera phospholipids was characterized by qualitative and quantitative analysis using high performance liquid system?HPLC-MS?,high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector?HPLC-PDA?system and high performance liquid phase equipped with evaporative photo detector?HPLC-ELSD?system gradually.Due to the characteristics of phospholipidsand the different applicability of the detector,the final selection of HPLC-ELSD for analysis.The results showed that there were six components in Pacific saury viscera phospholipids.The content of PC was 88.50 mg/g?visceral phospholipids?,PI?phosphatidylinositol?content was 53.33 mg/g,PE content was 39.66 mg/g.Meanwhile,LPE?Lysophosphatidylserine??19.00 mg/g?and LPC?lysophosphatidylcholine??15.01 mg/g?were also detected.At present,it is barely find the relevant study of LPL,especially LPE,detected in aquatic products.?3?The effect of Pacific saury viscera phospholipids and PC component on the secretion of A?1-42 in supernatant of model cells was studied by using APP / PS1?M146L?double transgenic cells as model cells and soybean phospholipids as contrast.The results showed that the concentration of A?1-42 in control group was 19.12 pg / m L,12.32 pg / mL in soybean lecithin group,6.06 pg / mL in visceral phospholipid group,7.39 pg / ML.Compared with the model control group,the three phospholipids had a certain inhibitory effect on A?1-42 secreted into the cells.?P <0.05?.The content of visceral phospholipid PC was decreased by 61.55%?P <0.05?compared with the control group,35.66% in the soybean phospholipid group and 69.31% in the viscera phospholipid group.In this study,the triglycerides and phospholipids of Pacific saury viscera were extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and organic solvent extraction.The studied results showed that the triglycerides and phospholipids of Pacific saury viscera have good chemical properties.Compared with other marine sources,the fatty acids were abundant and contained a variety of phospholipids.The neuroprotective effect of the phospholipids was studied.It was found that the inhibitory effect of A?1-42 on the supernatant of model cells was obvious compared with that of soybean phospholipids.