Study On The Safety Of Several Temporary Hair Dyes

In recent years,a variety of permanent or semi-permanent hair dyes have been frequently reported to have sensitization,acute toxicity and even carcinogenic effects.Thus,the threat of hair dyes on human health and living environment has captured the attentions of consumers and researchers.Direct hair dye is a type of hair dye which can be directly used,and has wide dosage form.Meanwhile,it is generally considered as safe and non-toxic.However,epidemiology believes that since many direct dyes may form toxic aromatic compounds,the use of direct hair dye may cause cancer or adverse reactions.But currently the evidences on theoretical or practical research are still inadequate.Whether there is a necessary link between the direct hair dye and the cancer has become a controversial topic in recent years.Since all kinds of(semi)permanent,temporary hair dye may bring hazards to the human health and safety,the search for green safety,renewable,biocompatible hair dye become an urgent problem to be solved.Based on the above-mentioned problems,this paper will evaluate the biocompatibility,cytotoxicity and toxicity mechanism of the three essential dyestuffs,fuchsin basic,victoria blue B and basic red 2,which are allowed in the 2007 edition of “Cosmetics Hygienic Standard.” The curcumin,hematoxylin and ethylated curcumin were used to design a new type of hair dye formulation through the five-factor four-level orthogonal table.This study mainly work from the following aspects:1.Fuchsin basic and victoria blue B are two allowed direct hair dyes in the 2007 version of the "Cosmetics Hygienic Code" and basic red 2 is a direct hair dye which is frequently used in the market.Herein,by employing the comprehension of transdermal absorption,human and rabbit red blood cell hemolysis experiment,the biocompatibility of these dyes was evaluated.Meanwhile,the biotoxicity of dyes to E.coli,fibroblasts NIH/3T3 and human epidermal cell HaCaT,were also tested.The results showed that basic red 2 and victoria blue B had potential transdermal absorption of the skin,and fuchsin basic,victoria blue B and basic red 2 at the allowable concentrations of the 2007 Cosmetics Hygienic Standard on the red blood cell hemolysis,E.coli and NIH/3T3 cells exhibited a strong toxic effect.However,a potential dye,namely,hematoxylin,exhibited less toxicity in hemolytic and cytotoxic experiments are than the other five kinds of dyes.2.The interactions of the above commercially used and potential hair dyes with bovine serum albumin BSA and double helix DNA on the macromolecules were analyzed by UV spectrophotometer,fluorescence spectrophotometer and molecular simulation.The results showed that,after entering the body,these three direct dyes have strong binding affnities with serum proteins and DNA,which may lead to cytotoxicity incentives.It is believed that these three direct dyes may be potentially dangerous to the human and environmental health,and their biosafety should be taken seriously when using them.3.On the basis of the above safety evaluation,a new formula of hair dye was designed by using curcumin,ethylated curcumin and hematoxylin as the basic dyes,and the five-factor four-level orthogonal table was used to optimize the formula.The results of formula optimization showed that the resistance of hematoxylin and ethylated curcumin were better than curcumin,and the new hair dye formulation might have higher biosafety than traditional direct hair dye.