Evolution Of Alpine Wetland Ecological Environment Of Duoqing Lake Basin In Tibet

Wetland is a natural complex formed under the interaction of water and land.It is a transition zone between aquatic ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystem,which is one of the most abundant living environment and extremely important living environment of human beings.Due to the special physical and geographical conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the response of the wetland to climate change and human activities in the fragile ecological environment is more intense and the change is obvious.The plaque and functional degradation of the wetland are widespread.Therefore,the current wetland research in the plateau environment is paid more and more attention,especially for the study on the evolution of typical alpine wetland.The Duoqing lake Basin is located in the northern part of the Himalayas-southern Tibet,Wetland ecosystem is a typical representative of the alpine wetlands in southern Tibet,which is dominated by natural succession.Wetland ecosystems are typical representatives of the Tibetan Plateau wetlands,with natural succession.Therefore,it is an ideal environment to study the evolution of alpine wetland ecological environment.In this paper,the evolution of alpine wetland ecological environment in the Duoqing lake Basin wetlands of Tibet were studied with the support of ArcGIS,ENVI and Fragstats software,combined with other supporting materials,using the three remote sensing images in 1995,2005 and 2015 as data sources.Reveal the evolution of wetlands,for the plateau damaged wetland ecological restoration and rational use of resources to provide a scientific basis.Main research contents and conclusions:(1)Wetland Landscape Classification Information Extraction.In this study,the decision tree classification algorithm is used to interpret the three images.At the same time,the basic information of the wetland is obtained by referring to other auxiliary data and combining the field investigation and high-definition images.(2)The Evolution of Ecological Environment in Geological History.Based on the data of regional geological survey,comprehensive geological structure occurrence and climate change process,this paper explores the evolution process of the geological history period in the study area,combined with the collected geology and sporopollen and fossil data,so as to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the study area The evolution of history,for the development of scientific protection measures to provide support.(3)Wetland spatial and temporal pattern evolution.Based on the three factors of statistical area,change rate and rate of change,the paper analyzes the dynamic changes of wetland in the three periods of time,and further explores the dynamic changes of wetland in the spatial location on the changes.The results show: From 1995 to 2015,the wetland area of the study area was 320.62 km2?280.69 km2 and 286.80 km2,Showing a tendency to increase first and then increase,and the wetland area increased from 2005 to 2015,but its growth area Far less than the reduction between 1995 and 2005,so the overall wetland in the study area is still atrophy;Marsh wetland is the main component of the wetland in the study area,the proportion of the three periods is more than 60%;The spatial changes in wetlands are mainly distributed in the areas of Duoqing lake and near Tüna.More than a serious decline in the performance of the Duoqing lake,the total area of the lake decreased by 22.64 km2,a decline of up to 28.93%,close to 1/3 of the lake into a land and In the space on the southeast,southwest,south and east four directions atrophy serious.(4)Dynamic change of wetland landscape pattern and vegetation coverage The landscape pattern analysis of the wetland in the study area was carried out by using the landscape pattern index analysis method,and the transfer matrix was used to describe the transformation process between the wetland landscape types to understand the changing trend of wetland in the study area.The vegetation coverage was calculated by the binary dichotomy to further explore the specific situation of the ecological environment in the study area.(5)Influencing factors of wetland ecological environmental evolution and protection measures.It mainly explores the influencing factors of wetland ecological environment evolution from the three aspects of geological environment,climate and human activities,and puts forward some protection measures of wetland protection.