The Choose Of Natural Disasters' Coping Mechanism:Theory And Experience Of China

With the development of human society,the influence of what natural disaster has on economic society is more and more serious than before.From the perspective of disaster response practice and political economy theory,what problems should be noticed in the choice of coping mechanism of natural disaster?Which kind of disaster coping mechanism is effective?For a long period of time,Chinese natural disaster is coped with in the state of government-leading and market insufficiency.In modern society,market mechanism is gradually developed in disaster response.The status and role that government assistance and matket mechanism play in disaster response depend on the structure of the interest relationship between government,resident and enterprise.From the perspective of this kind of interest relationship,different behavior choices of government,resident and enterprise will lead to different effects of each coping mechanism.Therefore,from the aspect of political economy theory,it is necessary to analyze interest relationship between government,resident and enterprise in the mechanism when consider Chinese disaster coping mechanism and optimize coping system by the combination of government and market from the perspective of interest stimulation.From the practice of Chinese disaster response,this paper at first studies the influence of government assistance on economy development and resident income of stricken area by using panel data of 181 counties from 2003 to 2013 and the method of difference-in-differences model and PSM-DID.Results show that government assistance can promote short-term regional economy growth by enhancing fixed-asset investment,industrialization and urbanization;however,the effect in human resource accumulation and environmental construction of the institution is weak.In particular,positive effect will rapidly disappear with the end of financial support policy which shows that government assistance is lack of hematopoietic function.As for the effect of market mechanism,based on Chinese general agricultural disaster,this paper analyzes the influence of agricultural disaster on the income of rural residents and consumption fluctuation by building marketization index at the provincial level and using HP filtering method.It turns out that the advance of marketization level is benefit for the increase of consumption level of rural resident through consumption fluctuation which is caused by rural income rising and so on.This paper proposes that the key of optimizing Chinese coping mechanism is realizing benefit coordination of subjects in disaster response through theory analysis.Combined with the practice of Chinese modern disaster response,this paper studies the effect of government assistance and market mechanism by empirical research.From the aim of minimizing the disaster loss,this paper gives the following advice:keeping building the national disaster relief system while paying attention to the transformation of government assistance methods,combining government assistance and market mechanism and forming natural disaster coping mechanism with the mutual support of government and market.