Analysis On Distribution Characteristics And Its Forming Cause Of Garbage Belt On The Dams Surrounding Poyang Lake

As the largest freshwater lake in China,Poyang Lake has played an important role in ecological,economic and social activities.However,with the municipal development of cities and improvement of residents in the living condition,more and more municipal waste and living garbage surrounding Poyang Lake are released,it comes out that Poyang Lake water quality and scenery beauty decrease seriously.In order to investigate the situation and causes of litter composition,distribution,and origin of waste pollution around Poyang Lake,20 dams which have waste zones formed by water level changing seasonably of Poyang Lake water body were investigated and analyzed in this paper.By the questionnaire survey and interviews of the residents around the Poyang Lake as well as the quadrant survey on selected belt of those dams trash zone,garbage disposal methods,waste disposal facilities,and environmental awareness of residents were found having relationship with trash quantity difference between town and countrysides;on the other side,the water flow and perennial wind patterns of Poyang Lake related with the trash distribution characteristics.In order to know the reasons of environmental awareness of residents,the relationship of environmental awareness of residents with gender,age,education,income and living area was analyzed by Chi-square test.According to analyzing and investigating results,the preventive control measures of Poyang Lake rubbish pollution were proposed.These results cannot only provide a scientific basis for the pollution prevention and control of Poyang Lake,but also provide a referential basis for the government to protect the freshwater resources of Poyang Lake and formulate the regional microeconomics development plan.The main conclusions of this thesis were summarized as follows:Firstly,according to the field survey in dams,waste zone,we found that the major of garbage were plastics,which including polystyrene foam and food packaging bags;followed were various wood waste and discarded clothes.They mainly came from human living and fishing activities,then lessen from the tributary and tourism activities.Secondly,through analyzing the distribution characteristics of garbage quantity on 20 dam waste zones,we found that there were diminishing scale rules from south to north,from east to west and from cities to rural areas.The reasons of litter quantities diminished from south to north and from east to west were the direction of the prevailing wind which southwesterly wind in rain season and lots of shallow in this area.Southwester wind bowled the lake flow to carry rubbish towards southeast bank;and shallows easily form water and rubbish circulations.The reason of banks near town had less rubbish quantities and categories than those near rural were thatthe processing chain of municipal garbage was more scientific and complete,as well as the town residents' awareness of environmental protection was stronger than that of rural residents.Thirdly,based on the questionnaire survey,we found that shortage of waste disposal facilities,government propaganda and environmental awareness were common problems resulted in waste pollution on the lake-shore of Poyang Lake.When environmental awareness was separated out,analysis of chi-square test showed that gender and income discrepancy of residents was weakly connected with their habits and ways of waste disposal and their understanding of the impact of rubbish throwed into lake.However,age,literacy level and rural-urban difference were significantly connected with their ways of waste disposal and their attitude towards garbage entering the lake and their understanding of the impact of rubbish throwed into lake,so they were essential factors of environmental behaviors and awareness of residents.Finally,on the basis of analyzing the waste sources and the results of questionnaire and interviews,this paper provides targeted suggestions to preventing refuse pollution in Poyang Lake: strengthen the construction of waste disposal facilities around Poyang Lake,especially in the rural areas;optimize waste disposal methods;intensify environmental education;improve cultural literacy and environmental awareness of residents;and regularly clean the garbage on the surface and lake-shore of Poyang Lake.