Allocation Of Carbon Credits And Reduction Among Industries/sectors:An Emissions Intensity Reduction Constrained Approach

In recent years,climate change,which had a great impact on human life and economic development,has already become one of the major environmental problems concerned by majority counties in the world.The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)has issued IPCC Fifth assessment integrated report in Denmark Copenhagen,which make clear that greenhouse gas emissions and other human-driven factor has become the main causes of Global warming since the middle of 20th century.Since the industrial era,human production and consumption activities release large amounts of carbon dioxide,and serious damage to the climate.As the country with the largest volume of carbon dioxide,China has committed that carbon intensity in 2020 to decrease of 60%-65%on Paris Climate Summit in 2015,and as a binding target bring into medium-and long-term plan for national economic and social development.Clear carbon emission reduction responsibility will contribute to the realization of carbon emission targets,taking into account the various jurisdictions within the region socio-economic development of the differences and the characteristics of the future development plan,how fairly,justly and reasonably distribute carbon emission reduction responsibility is a Important questions.Firstly,based on Input-output analysis method and combined the input-output table energy balance sheet and Energy Statistics Yearbook,This study allocates the reduction of CO2 emissions to China’s 41 industries/sectors under the constraint of carbon emission intensity in reaching the 2030 reduction target.And then combine with the Statistical Yearbook and other economic data to calculate the intensity of carbon emissions in various sectors,with a view to provide a basis for carbon emissions and emission reduction weights.Secondly,historical carbon emissions,carbon emission intensity,the value-added of each industry/sector,and residents’ consumption are selected as assessment criteria to determine the emission reduction quotas that should be shared by different industries/sectors under the target of carbon emission intensity.There are several reasons for selecting these indicators.First,the indicator of historical carbon emissions is intended to reflect the fundamental polluters-pay principle.Second,the production value of one industry/sector reflects its effectiveness in reducing emissions.Third,the emissions reduction intensity and residents’ consumption of one industry/sector indirectly represent its emission reduction potential.Thirdly,GDP2030 is the predicted value of the GDP in 2030,which is estimated by using a discrete second-order differential model.The carbon emission intensity under the constraint of emissions and total emissions has been calculated based on carbon reduction intensity,and in accordance with the weights assigned them to various sectors.Finally,the SPSS software was used to cluster the emission rights and emission reductions,all the industries/sectors are classified into four categories:industries/sectors for compulsory reduction("compulsory reduction"),key industries/sectors for emission reduction("key reduction"),industries/sectors for encouraging reduction("encouraging reduction"),and voluntary reduction("voluntary reduction"),and suggestions are made for each emission reduction level.