Ecological Philosophy Of The American Wilderness

In the increasingly prominent contradiction between man and nature,ecological issues have become an important topic of contemporary international academic research.And the United States as today's superpower,the concept of environmental issues and policy trends have raise the concern.Since the 19 th century,American environmentalists began to reflect on the relationship between man and nature.Due to the unique geographical environment of the United States,the wilderness has become the focus of American development and environmental protection debate,and then the American concept of wilderness protection has become one of the most important issues in the history of American development and environmental protection.From the perspective of ecological philosophy,through the deep excavation of related works and policy literature,this paper makes a systematic summary and interpretation of American wilderness protection view.The introduction mainly introduces the research background,research significance and related literature review of American wilderness protection view.The first chapter mainly makes a historical study on the American concept of wilderness protection,and analyzes the background and its rise and development of the wilderness protection view.From the end of the19 th century to the beginning of the twentieth century was the period of the American Wilderness Protection was born.Prior to this,the United States is experiencing the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,turn from agricultural countries to industrial countries,the destruction of resources and environment has become increasingly serious.The United States advocates freedom and democracy in culture and is eager to find a different cultural foundation than Europe.At the same time,with the birth of natural science such as ecology and evolution,people's understanding of nature has changed.In this context,romanticism first concerned about the wilderness,and launched a romantic wilderness protection movement.However,at this point there is no deep research for the philosophical level,until the transcendentalist representative Thoreau proposed based on transcendentalism of the wilderness protection concept,and which took the wildness preservation up to the philosophical level.The wilderness protection concept of the United States is driven by the protection of the wilderness,and its development process is also controversial.Therefore,the wilderness protector constantly revised the concept of protection of the wilderness,trying to make it meet the needs of the times.The second chapter mainly introduces the genre and content of the American wilderness protection view.In theacademic circles,there is no genre classification of American wilderness protection.The author tries to classify them according to the ideological characteristics of each genre.According to the difference between the origin and the foothold of the anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism,The main concept of wilderness protection is divided into four categories,that namely,about the transcendental protection concept of the transcendentalism,the wilderness protection concept of the weak anthropocentrism,the wild protection concept of the nature protectionism and the wilderness protection view of the ecological holism Content launched a more in-depth analysis.The third chapter mainly expounds the consensus and controversy of the American wilderness protection view.In the concept of American wild protection,whether anthropocentrism or non-anthropocentrism,both agree on the necessity of wilderness values ??and wilderness protection.In addition to academicconsensus,the main controversy on the wilderness protection like the specific way of the dispute,the model of the dispute,the dispute and the nature of the dispute.While the influence of the American Wilderness Protection is expanding,the controversy also grow accordingly,and the question of equity from within the country has been extended to the question of equity in the third world.There is not only an internal debate on ecological holism but also a debate on anthropocentrism and non-human centers doctrine.Although the controversy is frequent,but it also promote the progress of the concept of protection and development of the wilderness.The forth chapter mainly analyzes the influence of American national park protection view and its enlightenment to our country.The concept of American wilderness protection has had a great impact on both local and international.The establishment of the national park system,the improvement of the relevant laws and the development of the civil society organizations are related to the promotion of the American wilderness protection concept.Today,thousands of national parks have been established around the world,and countries are concerned about wilderness protection,which is inseparable from the American Wilderness Protection.In our country,the historical period of the development and protection of American wilderness protection has similarities with our country at present,so it has positive significance to the construction of ecological civilization in our country.In the process of urbanization,the American national park protection and wildlife protection legislation and other countermeasures,as well as the concept of ecological philosophy during the period,the development of China and the wilderness protection decision-making and practicehave reference value.At present,the ecological problem is the focus of our country,the protection of the wilderness not only with the study of environmental philosophy and highlight the forefront of academic research,but also it widely used in the national and local government ecological civilization construction strategy and public environmental protection In practice.Since 2008,China's first national park was built in Hei Long Jiang,The national park system has become one of the ways of our wilderness protection.Meanwhile,China is still in developing countries,so laying equal stress on environmental protection and economic development is more applicable to China's national conditions.Environmental problems can`t be solved quickly,China's wilderness protection research and practice is still have a long term.