Experiment Analysis Of Nanomaterials Based On Iron-Nickel By Detonation Of Emulsion Explosive

Nano iron-nickel alloy can be prepared by solid phase method, liquid phase method, gas phase method and detonation method, etc. By comparison, a few of literature synthesize nano iron-nickel alloy through detonation method. So far, no literature, which synthesize nano iron-nickel alloy by exploding emulsion explosives, has been published. Emulsion explosives detonation method uses detonation precursor nitrate as oxidant to synthesize emulsion detonation, and it changes the explosive composition and detonation environment to prepare nanomaterials. It is simple process, short production process and quick response. So it researches the nano iron-nickel alloy by emulsion explosives detonation method. Then it analyzes the products’type and morphology, surface functional groups and magnetic properties.Based on the preparation principle of emulsion explosives, the research evenly mixes the water phase (mixed aqueous solution contains ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate, etc) and oil phase (oil, petrolatum and span-80 mix by a certain percentage) by stirring, then adds RDX to the emulsion base, prepares carbon coated nano iron-nickel alloy. It prepare carbon coated iron-nickel alloy through changing the kind of precursor (for ferric hydroxide, ferric nitrate), controlling the detonation environment (Ar or H2), adding different source of carbon (oil, naphthalene and graphite) and controlling the content of sensitizer (content of RDX), etc. It can be found that the major products contain Fe and Ni are iron-nickel alloy and iron-nickel ferrite, and they are coated by carbon, which contain amorphous carbon and graphite. XRD experiments show that the size of iron-nickel alloy is about 20nm, TEM and particle size analysis experiments show that some particle’s size is less than 5 nm or more than 50nm, while the majority is no more than 30nm, the majority of metal and ferrite mixed in the carbon, some Nano iron-nickel alloys have clear coating layer, then the size of the granules are between 50nm and 3μm. In the case of reunification, the average size is close to 10μm, while from the number of granules to see, a few granules’size is more than 1 μm. The IR and VSM experiments show that the iron-nickel alloy contains lipophilic functional groups, for example-OH, C-CH3, and own good paramagnetic, which is beneficial to apply in the fluid.The former research shows that exploding emulsion detonation can prepare nano iron-nickel alloy grains, the size of grains is between 5-50nm, controlling suitable condition can prepare different products; Choosing from engine oil, naphthalene and graphite, graphite is best material for preparing iron-nickel alloy in emulsion detonation method as the source of carbon. RDX can be used to act as emulsifier, and it largely affects the detonation performance, while has little affection to composition and morphology of the detonation products. Compared with hydroxide, emulsion detonation is beneficial to adulterate metal ions. It is advantage to prepare iron-nickel alloy and its oxide.