The Study On Impact And Problem Of Ecological Immigration In Gulang County

Gulang County is located in the upper reaches of the Shiyang River, it is one of the five fragile ecological environment region in western China. In recent years, under the influence of global warming, water shortages, over-grazing, deforestation and other factors, grassland destruction increasingly serious, the ecological environment worsening, residents live more poverty, has been a serious threat to the survival of mankind. In order to protect the fragile ecological environment deterioration and change the living conditions of poor in southern mountain, Gulang County began to implement the ecological immigration project of Huanghuatan in 2011.The paper selected Gulang County for the study of ecological immigration, It analyzes the process of ecological immigration and impact.Paper questionnaire survey method since 2011 for the relocation of 105 migrants actual investigations,through the questionnaire survey method to investigate the 105 immigrants,analyzed the immigration personal and family status, economic conditions, social status and moving status,studied the Ganchen as a case,found Immigration Problems and make suggestions in the study.The study shows: Gulang County ecological fragility, environmental carrying capacity is low, serious damage to grassland, threat to human survival and development,In order to restore and protect the ecological environment, change the poor living conditions,implemented ecological immigration engineering since 2011.By analyzing 105 immigration questionnaire found that immigration has families more and labor less, mainly middle-aged, low level of education, etc.Economic life, and more than half think the income increased than before, the spending increase and decrease ratio close,income before the immigration mainly farming-based, after the immigration has farm,work part-time,cultivation and other ways,sources of economic to diversify.Social life,58.10% of immigrant housing area has been enhanced, 95.24% of the quality of housing has improved,education, health care and transportation has improved. Ecological immigrants to achieve results at the same time there have been many problems,under government-led immigrationpatterns,some people do not want to immigration, especially the elderly and people who are not educated,has the possibility of return migration;the changed of life and production mode made part of immigrants not adapt to the new environment,Temporary loss of land, revenue can not be guaranteed, there is a risk of returning to poverty;resources left of move out region and new environment pressure of move into;immigrants do not understand the government policies and preferential policies not implemented, lack of awareness of ecological immigration engineering.To solve the above problem, strengthen training and clear thinking,increasing the income of immigrants,the government increasing investment,funding sources,strengthen the propaganda of immigration policy,formulate relevant laws and regulations,govern the resources of move out region and protect the environment of move into region.The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the ecological immigrants of northwest arid area, and provide assistance for future-related analysis.