Study On The Material Stocks And CO₂ Emissions Of Infrastructure In An Island

The construction and operation of infrastructures play an indispensible role in developing an island.Surrounded by sea and remote to mainland,islands suffer from limited resources self-efficiency,and ecological environment in these areas is more fragile.The material production and transportation,building,utilization and demolition of these infrastructures in an island tend to consume much more fossil fuel than that in mainland,and these human activities above are easy to damage local ecosystem.Therefore,exploring the material stocks of infrastructure in an island could promote the research on human activity intensity,living standard and activity characteristics in the course of developing the island.On the other hand,study on material stocks accumulated in infrastructures of islands could render significant data support to environmental impact assessment,the amount of waste and secondary resources estimation,and related resources-policy management.Based on the“Button-Up Method”,this thesis sets up the classification system of material stocks accumulated in the infrastructures of islands,whereby the dynamic calculation models for the material stocks are further established.Then,according to the material stocks classification system and the C O₂ emissions inventories of the infrastructures involved,dynamic calculation models for the CO₂embodied in every kind of infrastructure are designed.Finally,Miao Island Changdao County Yantai C ity Shandong Province is selected to be the research area,and the two types of dynamic calculation models are respectively applied to estimate the material stocks and CO₂ emissions from 1980 to 2016 of the infrastructures in this island.In the case study,the thesis can summarize these following conclusions:?1?The material stocks of infrastructure has enhanced from 70.17 kt to 227.18kt between 1980 and 2016,increasing by about 2 times and annually increasing3.46%.?2?The current in-use material stocks of pipeline infrastructures,residences,non-residential buildings and transportation infrastructures are in turn increasing,which are 5.34 kt,60.66 kt,68.40 kt and 92.77 kt respectively,and average annual additional material stocks concerned are 0.03 kt,1.03 kt,1.54 kt and 1.77 kt.?3?Stone,sand and gravel are the top three materials accumulated in infrastructures.The energy-intensive materials,such as steel,glass and aluminum alloy,possess relatively less stocks,although their stocks have enhanced.?4?From 1980 to 2015,the total CO₂ emission embodied in infrastructures is98.47 kt.During 1980 to 2001,the emission in each year is relatively lower.However,the annual emission enhances rapidly between 2002 and 2004,and keeps high level since 2005.?5?In this period,the total CO₂ emissions from materializing and operating pipeline infrastructures,transportation infrastructures,residences and non-residential buildings are respectively 1.11 kt,16.81 kt,18.92 kt and 61.63 kt.Fossil and electricity consumed by islanders for daily living and maintaining aquacultrue development is the core driving force for the CO₂ emission above.?6?Based on the analysis of material stocks and CO₂ emissions embodied in the infrastructures of Miao Island,the suggestions to reducing the reliance on external resources and CO₂ emissions during the course of developing infrastructure in an island include:improving recycling rate of building materials by polishing up vein industrial chains of the island,supporting the development of local tourism,purchasing and using environmental-friendly building material,and advocating islanders to use residential solar power.