Research On Food Selection And Nutrition Niche Of Amur Tiger And Leopard

This study collects scat sample of Amur tiger(2011-2016)and Amur leopard(2011-2014)in Hunchun-Wangqing area.After screening,we can obtains stool sample with prey species information respectively 56 and 38.Using micro-morphology method to measure hair indexes in stool samples,potential prey database for comparative analysis in order to identify its prey composition.Which belong animals(deer)by DNA molecular techniques for further breakdown.With Russia the same district at Tiger and Leopard prey composition and preference results comparative analysis of differences between the feeding habits of inquiry.And get the following results:(1)In china,we can get Amur tiger prey species 11 kinds,prey on the frequency species in turn are high the wild boar,kind of deer,the sika,the cow,the horse;In which preys on in the result to have 4 kind of domestic animals,also discovers red deer and lynx these two kind of special species.Russia within the area of prey for nine,mainly on prey for wild boar,roe deer and sika deer,domesticated animals only records had appeared 2 kinds.(2)The our country Amur leopard prey type 9 kinds,main prey on roe deer and sika deer,and close to 70% of the total feeding frequency.But preys on the frequency regarding the wild boar only to account for 5.26%,in which domestic animal appears 2 kinds,more special game for original musk deer and raccoon.Study results show that the prey of Russia for 10 species,of which only sika deer hunting frequency as high as 50%,followed by roe deer and the wild boar to be close,domesticated animals appear only one.(3)The Pinaka index of Amur tiger and leopard is 0.493,overlapping results between 0 and 1,and tend to be 0.5,indicating sympatric Tiger and Leopard nutrition ecology position overlap degree is in the medium level.(4)In china,Aumr tiger prefer to prey on wild boars(0.775),tried to circumvent the roe deer(0.644).Russia of sika deer(0.698,0.717)have a strong sense of circumvention.Our country Aumr leopard preference species is sika deer(0.316)to get away from roe deer(0.458),while Russia result is just the opposite: preference roe deer(0.291)and avoid sika deer(0.192).(5)In this paper,on the basis of microscopic morphology,establish the Amur tiger and leopard potential prey hair indicators database,which included 24 kinds of potential prey species.For the same family(such as the cervid)are difficult to determine the species,so we used DNA molecular techniques to identify it.And get the Aumr tiger which microscopy misjudgment rate was 18.75%,the Aumr leopard 21.43%.Also most of the errors appeared to be between sika deer and roe deer.Overall,by studying the Amur tigers and leopards interactions of trophic niche and comparative analysis with the Russian research results,you can better assess their survival quality and Habitat utilization in the wild,and according to this habitat restoration and ecological corridors project.