Research On Characteristics Of Neon Atomic Spectrum Based On Frank-Hertz Experiment

Atomic spectrum is comprised of the light of a series of wavelengths emitted or absorbed when electrons exchange energy with atoms.By choosing some spectrographs with larger resolution to photographing atomic spectrum,the fine structure of its spectral lines can also been observed.It not only reflects the characteristics of atomic spectrum,but also reflects the regularity of electronic movement inside atom,and provide abundant and intuitive information for the study of interior structure in atom.The study of atomic spectrum has a very important role in promoting molecular structure,solid structure,astrophysics and some findings of new elements.In this article,there are two main aspects that are the theory and experiment to study the spectral characteristics of neon atoms and the measurement methods of the spectrum.The atomic internal structure can be reflected by atomic spectrometry,meanwhile the luminescence spectrum of neon atoms can be observed intuitively,and the transition of atomic energy level can be realized.Starting with the Bohr atom theory,by introducing the conception of quantization,the splitting phenomenon of spectral lines can be explained by analyzing the combination of electron orbital angular momentum with spin angular momentum,the fine structure of neon atoms can be deduced,and the energy of every energy level for the fine structure of neon atoms and the phase difference and wavelengths of the corresponding transition spectrum can be calculated.There are two selected methods to measure the neon atomic spectrum in experiment.Firstly,the spectrometer,that is optical test equipment,which can measure the diffraction angle of light accurately is applied,and the composition and using introduction of the equipment is introduced,at the same time the matlab simulation is carried on to grating diffraction of neon atomic spectrum,further the linear spectrum of neon atomic spectrum is presented intuitively.Secondly,the advanced miniature fiber optic spectrometer is applied to measure,and the neon spectrum measured has relatively higher accuracy and more spectral line.Finally the three voltage parameters influencing neon atomic transition are researched,and the best experimental curves is found by the contrast analysis between the experimental data and curve graph.Neon atomic spectrum is measured with the best voltage combination.The spectral range and wavelengthsmeasured are conformed to the theory wavelengths very well.The production of neon atomic spectrum and the essence of its characteristics are verified through the study of this paper.The generation of neon atomic spectrum observed in experiment is determinated owing to the transition of neon atomic fine structure.