Comparative Study On The Bacterial And Archaeal Community Composition In Qinghai Lake And The Salt Lakes In China

The goal of this study was to identify bacteria and archaea community structure and diversity in Qinghai Lake comprehensively and to make a comparison between the Qinghai Lake--the largest inland saltwater lake in China and the salt lakes in China.In this paper,two commonly used methods,namely the traditional culture-independent method and the high-throughput sequencing,were used to compare the different methods of the study on the structure of the bacterial and archaeal community.Chaka Salt Lake in Qinghai Province,Huamachi Salt Lake and Gouchi Salt Lake in Shaanxi Province,Yuncheng Salt Lake in Shanxi Province were selected as salt lake group.Qinghai Lake and each lake of the group of salt lakes taken 5 samples.High-throughput sequencing technology were used to analysis the bacteria and archaea community structure of the lakes.The results showed that?1?There is a great difference in the bacterial community structure of the Qinghai Lake and the other 4 salt lakes.The dominate genus of bacteria in Qinghai Lake were Pseudoalteromonas,Lactococcus,Rheinheimera,Loktanella,Marinomonas and Belliella;the bacterial community structure in the 4 salt lakes were similar: the dominant bacteria of CK were Salinibacter,Halanaerobium,Desulfovermiculus and Lactococcus,the dominant bacteria of YC were Salinibacter,Lactococcus and Spiribacter,the dominant bacteria of GC were Salinibacter and Spiribacter,the dominant bacteria of HMC were Spiribacter,Lactococcus,Arthrobacter,Halomonas,Salinibacter and Pseudomonas.?2?The dominant genera of Qinghai Lake were Deep_Sea_Hydrothermal_Vent_Gp₆?DHVEG-6?,Methanobacterium,Methanolobus,Candidatus_Methanomethylophilus,Methanosarcina.DHVEG-6?70.46%?was the most dominant genus in Qinghai Lake but little was found in the salt lake.The dominant genera of the 4 salt lakes were Halonotius?Halorubrum?Natronomonas?Halobellus?Haloarcula.?3?Degree of mineralization was the most influential factor that affected the structure of the bacterial and archaeal communities in Qinghai Lake and the salt lakes.The community structure of the Qinghai Lake with a low degree of mineralization was significantly different from that of the other 4 salt lakes,no common dominant bacteria and archaea with the 4 salt lakes.The second was pH,which had an effect on the abundance of some species.And there is no significant correlation between the geographical distance and altitude with the community structure and diversity.The community structure and diversity between Qinghai Lake and the other 4 salt lakes were significantly different.In addition,the sequencing found that there were a large number of archaea and bacteria were not classified among the five lakes,as the potential of the new species.