| In the context of global climate change and environmental change,the extreme weather has occurred frequently and presents a significantly increasing trend.Urban rainstorm waterlogging has become a serious problem that most large cities in our country must face and solve.In order to solve this problem,China put forward the sponge city construction and carried out the relevant work for sponge city construction pilot.Xiamen,troubled by urban waterlogging and water resources shortage for a long time,is one of the cities of China's first batch of sponge city construction pilot.Therefore,it is of practical and theoretical significance to study on rainstorm waterlogging disaster risk base on the sponge city construction in Xiamen,which is not only beneficial to solve the problem of urban development and resources and environment in Xiamen,improving its urban living environment and promoting the healthy development of urbanization,but also conducive to exploring and creating a new connotation of sponge city construction with Chinese characteristics.Based on the systematic analysis of researches on sponge city at home and abroad,as well as the latest research on the risk assessment of urban rainstorm waterlogging,this paper taking Xiamen as an example explores a simplified and quantified method to analyse the characteristics of urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters and predict its risk in the context of Xiamen sponge city construction by using GIS and RS technology,and puts forward the suggestions of district management for Xiamen sponge city construction.The main research results are as follows:(1)Through the quantitative analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of urban hydrology in Xiamen from 1996 to 2014,the areas that play a key role in Xiamen hydrological change are identified.The results show that both the increase of rainfall and urban impermeable surface will increase the urban runoff and runoff coefficient,but the spatial and temporal differences in urban landscape configuration will make regional hydrological characteristics distinct.Xiamen urban hydrological sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the coastal area outside Xiamen Island,of which hydrological sensitivity of sub-watershed 13 is the strongest.The hydrological sensitivity of the sub-watershed is related to the landscape configuration,the degree of human disturbance and geographical location of the sub-watershed,but not its size.(2)Through the construction of simplified urban rainstorm waterlogging model,the characteristics of rainstorm waterlogging disaster in the city before and after the construction of sponge city are analyzed by scene simulation,and the spatial distribution of urban floodplain is identified.The results show that the most vulnerable land use types in the urban surface of Xiamen are construction land and cultivated land.The vulnerability of hazard-bearing body of urban surface in Xiamen has an obviously ladder-like distribution that vulnerability of hazard-bearing body in coastal area is significantly higher than that of the northern mountainous areas.The floodplains in Xiamen are mainly located in Yundang Lake,Gaoqi,Wuyuan Bay,Huandao Road and Haicang public square and Jiaosong Road,as well as the sea area near Xinglin Bay,Tong'an Bay and the Dadeng Island.(3)By constructing the prediction model of urban rainstorm waterlogging disaster,the probability of occurrence of waterlogging in each area is analyzed and the location and scale of urban risk area are identified.The results show that the high risk area of urban waterlogging in Xiamen is mainly distributed on both sides of Yundang Lake(south of Xianyue Road and west of Chenggong Avenue),the north area of Gaoqi Airport,the junction of Lvling Road and Huandao Road,both sides of Chang'an Road(the section between Haitian terminal and Gaoqi terminal),the west area of Binhu Road and the south area of Maqing Road of Haicang District,Jimei Avenue,Chengyi Road,Xinglin Road and Xingbin Road,the east area of Haixiang Avenue and the west area of Binhai East Avenue of Tong'an District and some urban reclamation areas. |
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