| Allogrooming behavior is the most commom social behavior within primate.In recent years,the allgrooming has been a popular research aspect of social behavior in primate.White-headed langur(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)and Francois' langur(T.francoisi)are allopatric primates in Guangxi,whose habitats are divided by Zuojiang River.In order to discuss allogrooming rule by the two langurs,from February 2016 to January 2017,we studied allogrooming of the two langurs in Fusui by focal animal sampling,behaviors sampling and continuous recording sampling.We analyzed the factors that influnce allogrooming,discussed the functions of allogrooming and the similarity of allogrooming between the two langurs.Results are as follows:1.Allogrooming of White-headed langur and Francois' langur both support the hygienic functional hypothesis.The mean allogrooming time spent on different body parts of White-headed langur and Francois' langur were 24.9±19.9s and 32.6±28.0s,respectively,suggesting that allogrooming time of Francois' langur of was higher than that of White-headed langur.White-headed langur in easy to reach autogrooming body regional and inaccessible autogrooming body regional per 1%body surface area time ratio received were 0.73%and 1.15%,and the ratio of Frangois' langur were 0.52%and 1.69%;Francois' langur in inaccessible autogrooming body regional per 1%body surface area of time ratio received was higher than White-headed langur,while in easy to reach autogrooming body regional per 1%body surface area of time ratio received was lower than White-headed langur,but there was no significant differences among them.2.Allogrooming of White-headed langur and Francois' langur was affected by sex,age,dominance and affiliation.The White-headed langur grooming time initiated ratio of female and male were 93.49%and 6.51%,respectively,while the Frangois' langur's were 93.78%and 6.22%,females were main grooming initiators in both langurs.But frequency of juvenile male Francois' langur accepted grooming bout from adult female was higher than that of White-headed langur.Grooming frequency of White-headed langur accepting from low-ranking individuals was higher than the grooming frequency toward low-ranking individuals,in other words,high-ranking female had higher grooming returns.The result was also in Francois' langur group.Grooming time intiated by adult White-headed langur females for offspring juvenile individuals and other three non-offspring juveniles in group were 53.23%and 46.77%,Grooming time received by White-headed langur offspring juvenile from mother and other adult females in group were 43.09%and 56.91%;and that of Frangois' langur were 56.59%and 43.41%,Grooming time recieved by Frangois' langur offspring juveniles from mother and other adult females in group was 77.67%and 22.33%.Grooming time intiated by adult White-headed langur and Francois' langur females for offspring juvenile was higher than non-offspring one,at the same time,Grooming time received by offspring juvenile from mother was higher than from other adult female.Relationship affected adult females allgrooming for juveniles.3.White-headed langur for allgrooming time ratio non-eyesight contact and eyesight contact grooming posture were 52.5%and 47.5%,and of the ratio of Francois' langur were 66.15%and 33.85%,Francois' langur were more inclined to choose non-eyesight contact grooming posture than White-headed langur.The time when their choose eyesight contact grooming posture,their eyesight contact time was also very short.Both two langurs are inclined to choose non-eyesight contact grooming posture.4.White-headed langur and Francois' langur,within the sampling time when individuals of exchange grooming,individuals obtained grooming returns tend to more close to intiating grooming time.Individuals of exchange grooming within the sampling bout,because of the hygiene functions of allgrooming,it was possibly considered as valuable "goods" for initiator and receiver to exchange grooming. |
PDF Full Text Request